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Andrew Reed and Pierre Desrochers

Explore the repercussions of incomplete usage of natural raw materials in manufacturing, including cost implications and property rights infringement. Learn about common law doctrines, industrial processes, and the case study of Kalundborg's industrial symbiosis. Discover the impact of regulations on private actions in protecting rights.

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Andrew Reed and Pierre Desrochers

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  1. Andrew Reed and Pierre Desrochers The Invisible Green Hand

  2. Key points “The partial waste (incomplete usage) of natural raw materials used in the manufacturing process represent(s) a cost to the firm.” “Infringing on the property rights of other when discarding waste could incur fines, cutting directly into a firm’s profitability.” Civil actions were also available to harmed parties.

  3. Industrial processes • Since the early days of large scale manufacturing, firms sought uses for byproducts. • Important examples • Coal Tar • Animal by-products

  4. Common Law Property Doctrines • Trespass: Actual intrusions • Nuisance: Intangible intrusions

  5. Kalundborg • Privately arranged network of firms that would “feed” on each others in this Danish industrial town • But experts, it was thought, could do better: Imagine what a team of designers would come up with if they were to start from scratch, locating and specifying industries that had potentially synergistic and symbiotic relationships. (Paul Hawkin)

  6. Finally • Regulation displaces common law solutions, and, lacking the motivation or context for private actions to protect rights, the system of checks and balances erodes.

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