Particle Theory of Matter

1. Particle Theory of Matter Mme. Goold 7 Science

2. What is Matter? • It is all around you • It has mass and takes up space • There are 5 states or phases of matter. • We study 3 – solid, liquid, gas

3. Particle Theory • Explains properties and behaviours of materials by letting us visualize it on a small scale.

4. 5 Postulates of the theory • Matter is made up of tiny particles (Atoms & Molecules) • Each substance has unique particles that are different from the particles of other substances • Particles of Matter are held together by very strong forces • Particles of Matter are in constant motion. • Temperature affects the speed of the particles.  The higher the temperature, the faster the speed of the particles.

5. Solids – The particles… • are held tightly and packed fairly close together - they are strongly attracted to each other • are in fixed positions but they do vibrate

6. Liquids – The particles… • are fairly close together with some attraction between them • are able to move around in all directions but movement is limited by attractions between particles

7. Gas – The particles… • have little attraction between them • are free to move in all directions and collide with each other and with the walls of a container and are widely spaced out

8. Solids • Properties of solids • have a definite shape • maintain that shape • are difficult to compress as the particles are already packed closely together • are often dense as there are many particles packed closely together

9. Liquid • Properties of liquids • do not have a definite shape • flow and fill the bottom of a container. They maintain the same volume unless the temperature changes • are difficult to compress because there are quite a lot of particles in a small volume • are often dense because there are quite a lot of particles in a small volume

10. Gas • Properties of gases • do not have a definite shape • expand to fill any container • are easily compressed because there are only a few particles in a large volume • are often low density as there are not many particles in a large space

11. Seat work • Matter is made up of tiny _________________ (Atoms & Molecules) • Particles of Matter are held by very strong ___________ • Particles of Matter are in constant _____________. • Each pure substance has particles that are ________________from the particles of other ________________. • ______________affects the ___________ of the particles. The ______________ the temperature, the ______________ the speed of the particles.

12. Seat work • Matter is made up of tiny particles (Atoms & Molecules) • Particles of Matter are held by very strong forces • Particles of Matter are in constant motion. • Each pure substance has particles that are different from the particles of other pure substances • Temperature affects the speed of the particles. The Higher the temperature, the faster the speed of the particles.

13. Seat work

14. Group work • Create a rap, rhyme/poem or jingle describing the particle theory (alone or in groups of up to four), which you’ll perform/recite for the class. • You must refer to all five points of the particle theory. • Hand it in when you’re done.