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Challenges for the Movement

Challenges for the Movement. Follows text 31.3. The Civil Rights Movement Polarizes. Civil Rights Movement takes on a more radical form in urban centers of the North and west “Black Power”- Stokely Carmichael Head of SNCC Ousts whites from SNCC- Promotes separatist philosophy

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Challenges for the Movement

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  1. Challenges for the Movement Follows text 31.3

  2. The Civil Rights Movement Polarizes • Civil Rights Movement takes on a more radical form in urban centers of the North and west • “Black Power”- StokelyCarmichael Head of SNCC • Ousts whites from SNCC- Promotes separatist philosophy • Leaves SNCC to join paramilitary Black Panthers • Black Panther Party- founded by Bobby Seale and Huey Newton in Oakland, CA • “To defend our black community from racist police oppression” • Newton arrested for manslaughter for killing a policeman in a gunfight • Belief that voices like MLK were a buffer zone for middle class whites

  3. Malcolm X and Black Muslims • “I am an extremist… show me a black man who is not an extremist and I will show you one who needs psychiatric attention.” • Introduced to racist teachings of Elijah Muhammad while in prison • Preached black separatism- “it is not integration that Negros want, it is human dignity. • Malcolm X on racism More on race Black nationalism • Groups using non-violence were disarming the Negro’s right to defend • Abandoned racism and broke with black Muslims- assassinated by rival group of black Muslims Feb 1965 • Black Power movement and Nation of Islam must be credited for restoring pride and confidence among African-American populations • Compare MLK and Malcolm X

  4. Summers of Urban Restlessness • Continued racism and the suburban exodus left many urban enters neglected and bitter • Urban renewal projects gutted many urban neighborhoods while others were devoid of investment and development • August 1965 Watts riot- six days of anarchy • 34 killed 4000 arrested- “burn baby burn!” • Watts Riot • Over 100 urban riots 1965-1968 • Kerner Commission: Riots a reaction to white racism

  5. The King Assassination and the Civil Rights Movement • By 1966, SCLC remained committed to non-violence and integration • King moved the focus to segregation in the north and increasingly focused on poverty issues • King assassinated outside his hotel room in Memphis, Tennessee as he worked to organize sanitation workers as part of his Poor People’s Campaign • Robert Kennedy's announcement of King Assassination Indianapolis, IN 4 April- A campaign stop in his run for president • Riots broke out throughout America with 45 dead- but no riots in Indianapolis • Two months later, RFK killed by an assassin

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