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Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates. monomer is SACCHARIDE simple sugars are one monomer - a monosaccharide the carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen are in a 1:2:1 ratio. Form Rings. Carb Facts!. function in storing energy for easy access for plants and animals starches and sugars

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Carbohydrates

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  1. Carbohydrates • monomer is SACCHARIDE • simple sugars are one monomer - a monosaccharide • the carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen are in a 1:2:1 ratio Form Rings

  2. Carb Facts! • function in storing energy for easy access for plants and animals • starches and sugars • Example: Glucose (C6 H12 O6) which is a monosaccharide used by all living things!

  3. MonosaccharideEx: ribose and deoxyribose Disaccharide Ex: sucrose- table sugar Why are they called disaccharides? Polymer-a large molecule made up of smaller molecules

  4. Carbohydrates- Disaccharides

  5. Carbohydrates • POLYSACCHARIDE is a carbohydrate made of long chains of sugars (3 or more monosaccharides) • Starch - Plants convert excess sugars into starches for long-term storage • Glycogen -Animals store glucose in the form of polysaccharide glycogen in the liver and muscles to be used as quick energy • Cellulose -a structural polysaccharide contained in the cell walls of plants • Chitin – a polysaccharide found in the cell walls of fungi and the exoskeletons of insects and arthropods

  6. Dehydration Synthesis Releases Water when the bond is formed.

  7. Hydrolysis • chemical process in which a molecule is cleaved into two parts by the addition of a molecule of water. One fragment of the parent molecule gains a hydrogen ion (H+) from the additional water molecule. The other group collects the remaining hydroxyl group (OH−).

  8. Testing for Carbs • How do you know something contains carbohydrates? • Test with Benedict’s Solution • An indicator that changes color in the presence of disaccharides

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