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Understanding Chemistry Fundamentals: Particles, Bonds, and Elements

Discover the secrets of chemistry, from the smallest particles to bonding types and elemental properties. Learn about synthesis, isotopes, and more in this comprehensive guide!

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Understanding Chemistry Fundamentals: Particles, Bonds, and Elements

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  1. What is the smallest particle of a substance that still retains its unique identity?

  2. Many metals contain chemicals that were first discovered in plants. In order to prevent the extinction of medicinal plants, most of these chemicals are now made synthetically. What must a chemist know about a medicinal compound in order to make a synthetic version of it?

  3. Which two subatomic particles each have a mass approximately equal to one atomic mass unit?

  4. Describe and give an example of a covalent bond.

  5. Describe metallic bonding.

  6. How do scientists use radioactive isotopes to determine the age of a specimen?

  7. How should the compound lithium (Li+) chromate (CrO42-) be written?

  8. Why does chlorine behave more like fluorine than sulfur?

  9. In order, what are the numbers of protons, neutrons, and electrons in one cadmium atom?

  10. What are three assumptions you can make about cadmium’s physical properties based on its location on the periodic table?

  11. What kind of an element is arsenic? (metal/nonmetal/metalloid)

  12. Why is the trend for ionization energy the inverse of that for atomic radius?

  13. What is the most reactive nonmetal group on the periodic table and why?

  14. Why is silicon often suggested as the next best substitute as a basis for life after carbon?

  15. What are two major differences between covalent and ionic bonds?

  16. What kind of an ion and with what charge are the alkali earth metals likely to form?

  17. What does a neutralization reaction produce?

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