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Workpackage 3

Workpackage 3. TIDE. Introduction: Ecosystem services. TIDE. Nature. Harbour. Ecology Economy. ?. Fig. from Dücker et al. 2006, HANSA: 76-84. Changing tidal characteristics. 40 km. Van Braeckel et al. 2006. WATERPROBLEMATIEK Global change. Sea level rise.

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Workpackage 3

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  1. Workpackage 3 TIDE

  2. Introduction:Ecosystem services TIDE

  3. Nature Harbour Ecology Economy ?

  4. Fig. from Dücker et al. 2006, HANSA: 76-84

  5. Changing tidal characteristics 40 km Van Braeckel et al. 2006

  6. WATERPROBLEMATIEK Global change Sea level rise UNEP, 2002 www.unep.org, Bron: gegevens: Climate change 2001, Synthesis Reoprt, Conclusions of Working Groups I, II and III to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, 2001.

  7. Carrying capacity

  8. 2) Conceptual framework Nature Harbour Ecosystem services Ecology Economy

  9. 2. Qualitative assessments TIDE

  10. 06 TmDem 09 ZeDNe 07 DemGt 08 Durme 05 BurTm 03 HanGr 01 VlRaa 02 VlHan 04 GrBur 10 strSc maximisation of buffer capacity discharge 0 0 0 0 + + ++ ++ ++ ++ maximisation tidal energy dissipation + ++ ++ ++ ++ + + + + 0 Increase multichannel system 0 ++ ++ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ 0 optimisation natural habitat processes minimise turbidity 0 + + ++ ++ ++ + ++ + 0 Optimisation C flux 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ++ optimisation N flux 0 0 + + + ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ Optimisation O2 0 0 0 + ++ ++ + ++ + ++ Optimisation of P flux 0 0 0 0 0 0 + + + ++ Optimisation of Si flux + ++ ++ ++ 0 Optimisation of primary production 0 + + ++ ++ ++ + ++ + 0 optimisation conditions for zoöplankton 0 + + + ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ 0 optimisation conditions for benthos + ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ 0 Optimisation fishmigration 0 + + + + + ++ ++ ++ ++ extension surface shallow low dynamic water + ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ 0 extension surface tidal flats + ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ 0 Reducing high dynamic areas 0 ++ ++ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Extension surface marsh + ++ + + ++ + ++ + ++ 0 Extension young marsh + ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ 0 0 0 0 0 Extension surface wetland 0 + + + ++ + ++ 0 Goals Zone in the estuary Goods and services problems

  11. Action points • Define ecosystem services (task 3.1) • Harmonise estuarine zonation < typology ... • Set up qualitative criteria for functioning efficiency (= quantification precursor) • Assess ecosystem functioning (=filling in the table for each estuary) • Compare estuaries and learn (task 3.4: gaps) • Idem for species instead of functions (task 3.2)

  12. surface surface quality quality Defining goals Goods & services species habitats G1 G2 Gn CARRYING CAP S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 H1 H2 H3

  13. Goods and services Measures To Be Taken In Different Zones Large scale restoration Morphological dredging

  14. Goods and services Measures To Be Taken In Different Zones

  15. Action points • List measures for all estuaries ( WP5) • Assess impact for every measure for each function or goal (species, habitat), for each zone (task 3.9) • Assess also the impact that a measure of one estuary would have in the other estuaries and learn from it (-> task 3.10)

  16. 3. The quantification job TIDE

  17. No quantification without known relations

  18. Birds and their food Data Tom Ysebaert NIOO- CEMO

  19. 70 60 YT GR 50 OS 40 System-averaged macrofauna biomass g AFDW m-2 B2 30 VM EW 20 SFB CB B1 LIS BF LY B=-1.5 + 0.105 P 10 WS 2 r =0.77 ED COL 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 System primary production (gC.m-2.y-1) Benthos and its food Source: P. Herman NIOO-CEMO

  20. Phytoplankton and organic load 1000 800 600 Primary production (gC m-2 y-1) 400 200 zone of light limitation 0 -100 0 100 200 300 400 Net organic import (gC m-2 y-1) Herman et al., CEMO

  21. pristine 2015 Billen & Garnier, Univ. de Paris

  22. Area evolution

  23. Carrying capacity for benthos N, P, C Pristine N, P, C Bi ? Aj Ai Bj Actual

  24. O2 History Immission Pi Pj Diversity Bix Ai = (Bj + Bc)x (Aj + Ac) Dissolved oxygen Mudflat area History

  25. Carrying capacity for: • Nutrient retention • Water storage • Tidal energy reduction • ....

  26. Van der Spek et al., 1997 Log 10 of mean spring tidal range Uncles et al., 2002 Linking tidal range history with the relation between tidal range, tidal lenght and SPM 1 meter less mean spring tidal rangewould give for an estuary of 160 km long an SPM concentration of about ten times less

  27. Oxygen Toxicity Element limitation Disturbance Morphology History Light limitation Immission Pi Pj Diversity Bix Ai = (Bj + Bc)x (Aj + Ac) Limiting factor Mudflat area History

  28. Tidal marsh Si regeneration mudflats Zm/Zp Service : Primary Production Shallow water Phyto plankton Pelagic habitat Organic Load/ Si River

  29. Goods and services Measures To Be Taken In Different Zones

  30. No quantification without known relations • Interestuarine comparisons give surplus relations (task 3.5) • Historic information and tools such as modelling (task 3.3) can turn relations into quantifications of needs and into function quantifications • Matching the effectiveness of measures with quantified needs is the ultimate goal for estuarine management

  31. VMM OMES CEME GHA RWS .... maintenance safety, .... legislation INDIVIDUAL EXPERTS INVENTORY CONSULTING WORKING DOCUMENT AND STAKEHOLDERS THEMATIC EXPERT GROUPS HYDR. MORF. HABIT. F.CHEM. ECOL. DIV. FINAL PLAN DRAFT PLAN EXPERTS AND STAKEHOLDERS

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