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Culturally Responsive Instructional and Disciplinary Practices

In this session led by Dr. Lisa Williams from the Office of Equity and Cultural Proficiency, we will explore the changing demographics of BCPS students and their implications for classroom behavior and discipline. Participants will examine the concept of behavior as a social construction and discuss how cultural mismatches may lead to disciplinary disparities. Strategies to diminish culturally unresponsive behavior will be identified, emphasizing the importance of building mutual understanding and creating supportive educational environments for all students.

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Culturally Responsive Instructional and Disciplinary Practices

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  1. Culturally Responsive Instructional and Disciplinary Practices We can’t teach who we don’t know Dr. Lisa Williams Office of Equity and Cultural Proficiency

  2. The objectives of today’s session include: • Examine the demographic features of the population of students attending BCPS. • Examine the understanding of “behavior” as a social construction. • Discuss the implication of cultural mismatch. • Identify ways to eliminate or minimize instances of culturally unresponsive behaviors.

  3. Enrollment by race/ethnicity • Between 2007 and 2019, enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools is projected to: • Decrease 4% for students who are White; • Decrease 4% for students who are Black; • Increase 36% for students who are Hispanic; • Increase 31% for students who are Asian or Pacific Islander; • Increase 13% for students who are American Indian or Alaska Native

  4. Our Changing Minority Enrollment * Categories for Multiracial and Hawaiian/Pacific Island were not tracked in 1980. Division of Curriculum and Instruction – May 23, 2011

  5. English Language Learners (ELL) Students, 1999-2010 Division of Curriculum and Instruction – May 23, 2011

  6. Homeless Students * *2010 data is year to date Division of Curriculum and Instruction – May 23, 2011

  7. Free and Reduced Meal Students (FARMS) 1989-2010 Division of Curriculum and Instruction – May 23, 2011

  8. What is challenging behavior?

  9. What is disruptive behavior?

  10. How do you know… • When behavior has moved from challenged to disruptive? • When behavior has moved from disruptive to challenged? • How do you manage the subjective nature of the issue?

  11. Complicating an already Complicated Proposition • Culture mediates our perceptions • Values • Believes • Behaviors • Language • Mores

  12. Cultural Mismatch Do you know it when you see it?

  13. Why you need to know it when you see it: Data Describing Disciplinary Disparities? • Classroom Management • “Violations of implicit interactional codes” (Vavrus & Coles, 2002) • Interactions of some teachers/some students? • Cultural Disparities • Cultural misinterpretations • Lower or different expectations • Influence of stereotypes • How are African American boys perceived? • Different standards of “boys will be boys” • Differential standards for “respect”, “loitering”, “threat”

  14. Do you ever see perceptual mismatches? How do you handle it when you do?

  15. What Behaviors are Students Referred For? By Race • White students referred more for: • Smoking • Vandalism • Leaving w/o permission • Obscene Language • Black students referred more for: • Disrespect • Excessive Noise • Threat • Loitering Of 32 infractions, only 8 significant differences:

  16. Alternative Explanations of Disciplinary Disproportionality • Do black students misbehave more? • No supporting evidence • May in fact be treated more severely for same offenses

  17. Is Disciplinary Removal Effective? • 30-50% of students suspended are repeat offenders • “Suspension functions as a reinforcer...rather than as a punisher” (Tobin, Sugai & Colvin,1996) • Use of suspension correlates with • School dropout (school level) (Raffaele-Mendez; Ekstrom, 1986) • Juvenile incarceration (state level) (Skiba et al)

  18. The Case for Culturally Responsive Practices

  19. How do culturally responsive practices work to effectively help us navigate the teaching and learning process • Allows us to root decisions in a shared sense of reality. • Relationally based teaching and learning- the “who” matters just as much as the “what.” • Requires recognition of the perceptions and experiences of students.

  20. What are some requisite considerations if we are to be culturally responsive • Shared language • Shared understanding • Consistent consequences • Use of praise • Attention to building the internal locus of control

  21. I fundamentally believe that educating all children, even those who are poor and non-white, is an achievable goal, if we truly value all children, Of course, that is the real question: Does American society truly value all of its children? -Pedro Noguera, City Schools and the American Dream

  22. Thanks for your attention Dr. Lisa Williams Office of equity and cultural proficiency

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