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Covalent Compounds

Learn the key differences between ionic and covalent compounds, including how electrons are shared or transferred. Discover how to name covalent compounds using prefixes and examples like Carbon Dioxide and Tetraphosphorus decaoxide.

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Covalent Compounds

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  1. Covalent Compounds

  2. Ionic vs. Covalent Compound • Ionic Compounds • Between a metal and a non-metal • Transfers electrons • Covalent Compounds • Between a non-metal and a non-metal • Electrons are shared

  3. Covalent Compound Nitrogen = non-metal Oxygen = non-metal

  4. Hydrogen = non-metal Carbon = non-metal

  5. Naming Covalent Compounds Prefixes Prefixes 6 = hexa 7 = hepta 8 = octa 9 = nona 10 = deca • 1 = mono • 2 = di • 3 = tri • 4 = tetra • 5 = penta

  6. Naming Example Oxygen = non-metal Carbon = non-metal Have 2 oxygens CO2 2 = di Name (in the order they appear) Carbon dioxide Change to “ide”

  7. Naming Example Oxygen = non-metal Phosphorus = non-metal Have 10 oxygens P4O10 10 = deca Have 4 phosphorus’ 4 = tetra Name (in the order they appear) Tetraphosphorus decaoxide Change to “ide”

  8. Formula Example C  only have 1 S  have 2 because it is “di” Carbon disulfide Formula (put them together in the order) CS2

  9. Formula Example C  have 2 (di) Cl  have 4 (tetra) Dicarbon tetrachloride Formula (put them together in the order) C2Cl4

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