Step Up To: Psychology by John J. Schulte, Psy.D.

1. Step Up To: Psychologyby John J. Schulte, Psy.D. From Myers, Psychology 8e Worth Publishers

2. Chapter 2: Neuroscience and Behavior That Smarts! The Systems It’s all in your head You’re on, Neuron Potpourri

3. You’re on, Neuron 500 400 300 200 100

4. It’s all in your head 500 400 300 200 100

5. That Smarts! 500 400 300 200 100

6. The Systems 500 400 300 200 100

7. Potpourri 500 400 300 200 100

8. 1. The function of dendrites is to: A) receive incoming signals from other neurons. B) release neurotransmitters into the spatial junctions between neurons. C) coordinate the activation of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems. D) control pain through the release of opiate-like chemicals into the brain.

9. 2. The longest part of a motor neuron is likely to be the: A) dendrite. B) axon. C) cell body. D) synapse.

10. 3. A brief electrical charge that travels down the axon of a neuron is called the: A) synapse. B) agonist. C) action potential. D) myelin sheath.

11. 4. José has just played a long, bruising football game but feels little fatigue or discomfort. His lack of pain is most likely caused by the release of: A) glutamate. B) dopamine. C) acetylcholine. D) endorphins.

12. 5. The reuptake of a neurotransmitter such as serotonin would involve the reabsorption of serotonin into a(n): A) axon terminal. B) receiving neuron. C) myelin sheath. D) glial cell.

13. 6. The reticular formation is located in the: A) brainstem. B) limbic system. C) somatosensory cortex. D) motor cortex. E) cerebellum.

14. 7. Which brain structure receives information from all the senses except smell? A) Hippocampus B) Amygdala C) angular gyrus D) thalamus

15. 8. The most extensive regions of the brain, which enable learning and memory, are called the: A) reticular formation. B) projection areas. C) association areas. D) temporal lobes.

16. 9. To demonstrate that brain stimulation can make a rat violently aggressive, a neuroscientist should electrically stimulate the rat's: A) reticular formation. B) amygdala. C) medulla. D) cerebellum.

17. 10. After Kato's serious motorcycle accident, doctors detected damage to his cerebellum. Kato is most likely to have difficulty: A) experiencing intense emotions. B) reading a book. C) understanding what others are saying. D) playing his guitar.

18. 11. An impaired use of language is known as: A) tomography. B) plasticity. C) phrenology. D) aphasia.

19. 12. The benefits of brain plasticity are most clearly demonstrated in: A) children who have had a cerebral hemisphere surgically removed. B) individuals with Alzheimer's disease. C) adults with aphasia. D) elderly stroke patients. E) people free of any disease or brain damage.

20. 13. After Miguel's recent automobile accident, doctors detected damage to his cerebral cortex in Broca's area. It is likely that Miguel will have difficulty: A) remembering past events. B) speaking fluently. C) reading. D) understanding other people when they speak.

21. 14. After a sky-diving accident, Laurie was unable to make sense of other people's speech. It is likely that her cortex was damaged in: A) the sensory area. B) Broca's area. C) the angular gyrus. D) Wernicke's area.

22. 15. In a recent car accident, Tamiko sustained damage to his right cerebral hemisphere. This injury is most likely to reduce Tamiko's ability to: A) facially express emotions. B) solve arithmetic problems. C) understand simple verbal requests. D) process information in an orderly sequence.

23. 16. In order for you to experience the pain of a sprained ankle, ________ must first relay messages from your ankle to your central nervous system. A) the limbic system B) Interneurons C) sensory neurons D) motor neurons E) the reticular formation

24. 17. The somatic nervous system is a component of the ________ nervous system. A) Peripheral B) Autonomic C) Central D) Sympathetic E) Parasympathetic

25. 18. You come home one night to find a burglar in your house. Your heart starts racing and you begin to perspire. These physical reactions are triggered by the: A) somatic nervous system. B) sympathetic nervous system. C) parasympathetic nervous system. D) limbic system.

26. 19. The sequence of brain regions from oldest to newest is: A) limbic system; brainstem; cerebral cortex. B) brainstem; cerebral cortex; limbic system. C) limbic system; cerebral cortex; brainstem. D) brainstem; limbic system; cerebral cortex. E) cerebral cortex; brainstem; limbic system.

27. 20. Which of the following is the component of the limbic system that plays an essential role in the formation of new memories? A) Hypothalamus B) Thalamus C) Hippocampus D) Medulla

28. 21. An amplified recording of the waves of electrical activity that sweep across the surface of the brain is called a (an): A) brain lesion. B) EEG. C) PET scan. D) MRI.

29. 22. The ovaries in females and the testes in males are part of the: A) limbic system. B) endocrine system. C) sympathetic nervous system. D) reticular formation. E) central nervous system.

30. 23. If an individual's right cerebral hemisphere is completely destroyed by disease, that person is unable to see anything: A) with his or her right eye. B) with his or her left eye. C) in his or her right field of vision. D) in his or her left field of vision.

31. 24. The ability to simultaneously copy different figures with the right and left hand is most characteristic of those whose ______ has been lesioned. A) angular gyrus B) reticular formation C) corpus callosum D) motor cortex

32. 25. The person most likely to suggest that the shape of a person's skull indicates the extent to which that individual is argumentative and aggressive would be a: A) neurologist. B) behavior geneticist. C) psychoanalyst. D) phrenologist.

33. Congratulations!

34. Answers Stop here, or continue as a review

35. 1. The function of dendrites is to: A) receive incoming signals from other neurons. B) release neurotransmitters into the spatial junctions between neurons. C) coordinate the activation of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems. D) control pain through the release of opiate-like chemicals into the brain. 55

36. 2. The longest part of a motor neuron is likely to be the: A) dendrite. B) axon. C) cell body. D) synapse. 55

37. 3. A brief electrical charge that travels down the axon of a neuron is called the: A) synapse. B) agonist. C) action potential. D) myelin sheath. 55

38. 4. José has just played a long, bruising football game but feels little fatigue or discomfort. His lack of pain is most likely caused by the release of: A) glutamate. B) dopamine. C) acetylcholine. D) endorphins. 59

39. 5. The reuptake of a neurotransmitter such as serotonin would involve the reabsorption of serotonin into a(n): A) axon terminal. B) receiving neuron. C) myelin sheath. D) glial cell. 57

40. 6. The reticular formation is located in the: A) brainstem. B) limbic system. C) somatosensory cortex. D) motor cortex. E) cerebellum. 71

41. 7. Which brain structure receives information from all the senses except smell? A) Hippocampus B) Amygdala C) angular gyrus D) thalamus 72

42. 8. The most extensive regions of the brain, which enable learning and memory, are called the: A) reticular formation. B) projection areas. C) association areas. D) temporal lobes. 79

43. 9. To demonstrate that brain stimulation can make a rat violently aggressive, a neuroscientist should electrically stimulate the rat's: A) reticular formation. B) amygdala C) medulla. D) cerebellum. 72

44. 10. After Kato's serious motorcycle accident, doctors detected damage to his cerebellum. Kato is most likely to have difficulty: A) experiencing intense emotions. B) reading a book. C) understanding what others are saying. D) playing his guitar. 72

45. 11. An impaired use of language is known as: A) tomography. B) plasticity. C) phrenology. D) aphasia. 80

46. 12. The benefits of brain plasticity are most clearly demonstrated in: A) children who have had a cerebral hemisphere surgically removed. B) individuals with Alzheimer's disease. C) adults with aphasia. D) elderly stroke patients. E) people free of any disease or brain damage. 82

47. 13. After Miguel's recent automobile accident, doctors detected damage to his cerebral cortex in Broca's area. It is likely that Miguel will have difficulty: A) remembering past events. B) speaking fluently. C) reading. D) understanding other people when they speak. 81

48. 14. After a sky-diving accident, Laurie was unable to make sense of other people's speech. It is likely that her cortex was damaged in: A) the sensory area. B) Broca's area. C) the angular gyrus. D) Wernicke's area. 81

49. 15. In a recent car accident, Tamiko sustained damage to his right cerebral hemisphere. This injury is most likely to reduce Tamiko's ability to: A) facially express emotions. B) solve arithmetic problems. C) understand simple verbal requests. D) process information in an orderly sequence. 84

50. 16. In order for you to experience the pain of a sprained ankle, ________ must first relay messages from your ankle to your central nervous system. A) the limbic system B) Interneurons C) sensory neurons D) motor neurons E) the reticular formation 62