Tuesday/Wednesday 1/7-1/8/2014

1. Tuesday/Wednesday 1/7-1/8/2014 Agenda: WELCOME BACK!!! • Administrative Paperwork • Syllabus and Communication Information Warm up: Pick up worksheets on the front table…be sure to fill out your first and last name, date and period….. • Atmosphere and Weather Unit • Layers of the Atmosphere • Biogeochemical Cycles • Carbon Cycle • Nitrogen Cycle • Water Cycle • Weather • So the FINAL EXAM in May will cover… • Biogeochemical Processes • Weather • Ecology

2. Where Should I Be This Week? Schedule for THIS WEEK! Tuesday, 1/7: BLOCK 1,3,5 Wednesday, 1/8: BLOCK 2,4,6 Thursday, 1/9: BLOCK 1,3,5 Friday, 1/10: BLOCK 2,4,6

3. A Few Special Policies CELL PHONE/IPOD POLICY 1st offense – verbal warning (“PUT IT AWAY!”) 2nd offense – confiscated until end of class, parent called, name in log 3rd offense – taken to Mr. Galas’ office, parent must pick up BEHAVIOR ISSUES POLICY *Steps taken dependent on severity of case* 1st offense – verbal warning (“STOP IT!”) 2nd offense – Community Service & parent called 3rd offense – PTC & Disciplinary Referral written BOTTOM LINE: Be mature & responsible for your actions!

4. Necessary Materials for the Science Notebook All students will be REQUIRED to create, maintain & participate in a Science Notebook They will be graded periodically Students may use them as a resource while studying for the exams Materials Needed: 1 folder/quarter (TOTAL for year = 4) with brads/prongs in the center Loose leaf paper (at least 60 sheets/semester) Pens/pencils Optional: Personal mini-stapler & staples Container to hold items Calculator Colored pencils

5. Homework!!! • Gather Science Notebook materials • DUE: Monday , 1/13/2014 • Worth: 50 Points • Read & sign (Student & Parent signatures) Classroom Policies • DUE: by Monday, 1/13/2014 • Worth: 20 Points • Parent Communication Information • DUE: Monday, 1/13/2014 • Worth: 20 Points

6. Notebook Cover Page • 1. Fill in the information at the top (first and last name, hour and room) • 2. In between each ladder rung write one thing you will do in class that will make you successful • 3. At the top of the ladder, write the grade you wish to achieve this quarter • 4. Add 4 pictures around the ladder of concepts we will cover this quarter (Atmosphere, Weather and Biogeochemical Cycles) • 5. Make sure you used at least 6 colors on your notebook cover page. • You have 30 minutes to complete this activity!!! • Due Friday with notebook for a total of 50 Points!!

7. Intro to the Atmosphere • Atmospheric Properties • Structure of the Atmosphere • Atmospheric Processes

8. Atmospheric Properties • Objectives: • What is the Earth’s atmosphere made of? • Has the Earth’s atmosphere always been made of the same stuff? • How has the composition of the atmosphere changed life on Earth? • How does Earth’s atmosphere compare to those of other planets in the solar system?

9. What is the Atmosphere? • Atmosphere – Very thin envelope of gases that surrounds Earth • Used by living organisms for chemical compounds/nutrients (I.e., O2, CO2, H2O, N2) • Has no outer boundary, just fades into space

10. Past & Present Composition of Earth’s Atmosphere The composition of the Earth’s atmosphere has changed since the formation of the Earth. Earth has had approximately 3 different atmospheres over the course of 4 billion years. Earth’s First Atmosphere The Earth’s first atmosphere was mainly helium (He)& hydrogen (H).

11. Past & Present Composition of Earth’s Atmosphere Earth’s Second Atmosphere Volcanic emissions later added carbon dioxide, nitrogen, water, sulfur dioxide & other elements. No free O2 at this time Large amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) from volcanoes caused the Earth’s past climate to be warmer than today’s. Without carbon dioxide, no life could be present on Earth. Ocean formation occurs due to presence of H2O in atmosphere

12. Past & Present Composition of Earth’s Atmosphere Today’s Atmosphere • Nitrogen (N2)- 78% • Oxygen (O2)- 21% • Carbon Dioxide (CO2) - 0.03% • Other miscellaneous gases (I.e., H2O).

13. Atmosphere is divided into 4 distinct zones or layers because of temperature changes. • Troposphere • Stratosphere • Mesosphere • Thermosphere There is little mixing between layers. As you move higher in altitude the atmosphere thins out.

14. Layers of the Atmosphere Reading Assignment • Annotate the reading (Annotate each sentence!) • 1. What are the four main layers of the atmosphere? • 2. List 3 characteristics of each layer • 3. What causes the layers to be separate and not mix? • 4. What are the two sub layers in the thermosphere? • 5. What makes these two layers different? • 6. How did the ionosphere get its name? • 7. How did the exosphere get its name? • 8. What is the job of the ionosphere? • 9. What is the name of the structure located in the stratosphere and why is it important?

15. Thursday/Friday 1/9-1/10/2014 Agenda: Notes: Layers of the Atmosphere Layers of the Atmosphere Packet due Monday 1/13/2014 for 50 Points • Atmosphere and Weather Unit • Layers of the Atmosphere • Biogeochemical Cycles • Carbon Cycle • Nitrogen Cycle • Water Cycle • Weather • So the FINAL EXAM in May will cover… • Biogeochemical Processes • Weather • Ecology

16. Troposphere • - 75% of the mass the Earth’s air • - Only about 17 km thick. • Most weather events occur here. • Temperatures drop with altitude. • WHY?

17. Stratosphere • - Extends to ~50 km thick. • Relatively calm, volcanic ash or human caused pollution can remain in suspension in the stratosphere for many years, trapping solar radiation responsible for the greenhouse effect.

18. Mesosphere • Extends about 80 km • In this layer, temperature decreases as the altitude increases • Coldest layer in atmosphere

19. Thermosphere • Temperature increases with altitude • Nitrogen and oxygen absorb solar energy • Explains high temperatures