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Punctuation & Agreement

Following the rules for the flow!. Punctuation & Agreement. End Marks. All sentences must have an end mark. Period . Question Mark ? Exclamation Point !. Commas. Separate two independent clauses when joined w/ and, but, or, nor, for, yet, so

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Punctuation & Agreement

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  1. Following the rules for the flow! Punctuation & Agreement

  2. End Marks • All sentences must have an end mark. Period . Question Mark ? Exclamation Point !

  3. Commas • Separate two independent clauses when joined w/ and, but, or, nor, for, yet, so • Offset introductory clauses or direct address • Separate three or more words, phrases, or clauses • Offset non-essential clauses • Separate two or more adjectives describing the same nouns • Separate geographical names • Separate words to prevent confusion • Set off direct quotations.

  4. Quotation Marks & Italics & Apostrophes • Encloses direct quotations • Encloses short works within a larger piece • Italics are used to set off large works • Italics are used to show emphasis • Apostrophes show letters have been removed. • Apostrophes show possession

  5. Semicolons & Colons • Link to independent clauses that are closely related • Separates a list when the list contains commas • Directs attention to a list • Introduces a quote • Separates numbers in time and ratios

  6. Hyphens • Shows emphasis and detail in a sentence • Informs the reader that the writer is about to go off topic • Joins two or more words serving as a single adjective • Joins compound numbers • Avoids confusion in awkward letter combinations re-sign vs resign shell-like vs childlike

  7. Prounoun/Antecedent Agreement • All pronouns must agree in number with the noun to which they are referring The people expect his or her needs to be met by the government. The people expect their needs to be met by the government. Everyone wants his or her needs met by the government. Everyone wants their needs met by the government.

  8. Subject/Verb Agreement • All verbs must agree in number with the subject of the sentence Joan eats her lunch. Joan and the boy eat lunch. Joan or the boy eats lunch. Joan or the boys eat lunch.

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