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I. The Iberian Colonies: 1650-1789 II. The West Indies III. Breaking Away: The U.S. IV. Haiti: The First Successful Slav

I. The Iberian Colonies: 1650-1789 II. The West Indies III. Breaking Away: The U.S. IV. Haiti: The First Successful Slave Revolution V. The Latin American Revolutions. I. The Iberian Colonies: 1650-1789 A. The Spanish Empire Administration system of forts Hapsburgs Bourbons

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I. The Iberian Colonies: 1650-1789 II. The West Indies III. Breaking Away: The U.S. IV. Haiti: The First Successful Slav

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  1. I. The Iberian Colonies: 1650-1789 II. The West Indies III. Breaking Away: The U.S. IV. Haiti: The First Successful Slave Revolution V. The Latin American Revolutions Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present

  2. I. The Iberian Colonies: 1650-1789 • A. The Spanish Empire • Administration • system of forts • Hapsburgs • Bourbons • centralization • B. Society • 1. Peninsulares or europeos • 2. creoles • 3. mestizos, mulattoes, zambos • 4. slaves • Conversion • Dominicans, Franciscans • C. Economics • D. Brazil • Treaty of Tordesillas, 1494 • Sugar • 1560: 2,000 tons • 1600: 14,000 Iberian Colonies, c. 1700

  3. II. The West Indies • English: Saint Christopher, Barbados, Santa-Lucia, • St. Kitts, Nevis, Monteserrat, Antigua, Bahamas • 1655, Cromwell, Jamaica • Dutch: Aruba, Curaçao, Bonaire • French: part of St. Kitts, Martinique, Dominique, Guadeloupe • later: Tortuga, Santo Domingo • Indentures The West Indies, c. 1700

  4. III. Breaking Away: The U.S. • A. A New Consciousness • Restoration • > rebels flee • Glorious Revolution • > Catholics flee • Effects of Locke, etc. • 1763, practical autonomy

  5. C. The Revolutionary War • 1774, First Continental Congress, Philadelphia • > Lexington, Concord, Revolution • George Washington (1732-99) • 1781, Surrender at Yorktown • Treaty of Paris, 1783 • D. Creating a Naton • Articles of Confederation • ratified, 1781 • Daniel Shays (1747-1825) • rebellion • III. Breaking Away: The U.S. • B. The Roots of Rebellion • Seven Year's War • Peace of Paris, 1763 • Grenville program • 1764, Sugar Act • 1765, Stamp Act • > "Stamp Act Congress" • Charles Townshend (1725-67) • Chancellor of the Exchequer • new duties • Samuel Adams (1722-1803) • protests • 1770, Boston Massacre • Lord North (1732-92) • chief minister • concessions to East India Company • > Boston Tea Party

  6. III. Breaking Away: The U.S. • E. The Constitution of the U.S. • Federalist Papers • Montesquieu, separation of powers • Federalists v. Anti-Federalists • Constitution adopted, 1788 • F. From Theory to Reality • 1789, George Washington elected • 1803, Napoleon sells Louisiana • G. Unfulfilled Dreams • Slavery • Native Americans

  7. IV. Haiti: The First Successful Slave Revolution • A. The French Revolution's Impact • 1789, news of French Revolution • > uprisings on Santo Domingo, Martinique • National Constituent Assembly • Amis des Noirs • attack slavery • B. Toussaint Louverture and Haitian Independence • Revolutionary War • Louverture and Jean-Jacques Dessalines • 1793, slaves freed • 1797, Louverture commander-in-chief • 1802, Napoleon re-imposes slavery • Louverture captured • 1804, independence

  8. V. The Latin American Revolutions • A. Revolutions in Mexico and Central American • 1808, Napoleon ousts kings of Spain and Portugal • B. Fracture Zones and Frustrations • Three separate conflicts: • 1. Mexico • 1810, Peasant Uprising • 1821, conservative coup • 2. Simón Bolívar • part of South and Central America • 3. San Martín • lower South America • Three influential events: • 1. Ferdinand VII's eviction, 1808 • 2. Restoration, 1814 • 3. 1820, Spanish liberal revolution • Independence movement • mix of civil war and revolution

  9. V. The Latin American Revolutions • C. Mexico • Miguel Hidalgo (1753-1811) • Dia del Grito, Sept. 16, 1810 • leads rebels to Guanajuato • José María Morelos (1765-1815) • priest, mestizo • Augustin de Iturbide (1783-1824) • August, 1821, independence • Iturbide, 10 months as emperor • Antonio López de Santa Anna (1794-1876) • president, dictator

  10. V. The Latin American Revolutions • D. Simón Bolívar and the Northern Revolt • Simón Bolívar (1783-1830) • in Paris during Directory • "the Liberator" • declares war against Spain, 1813 • E. José de San Martín and Southern Independence • José de San Martín (1778-1850) • with Bernardo O'Higgins • liberation of Chile, 1817 • meets with Bolívar • Brazil • King John VI of Portugal • rules from Rio de Janeiro • 1807-1831 • 1821, to Portugal • son, Dom Pedro rules • 1822, Pedro takes over • 1831, abdicates for Pedro II

  11. V. The Latin American Revolutions • F. The Consequences of the Revolutions • Economic ties remain • Church shattered • Monroe Doctrine, 1823

  12. Louis Hennepin’s Map of the Americas

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