Aviation System Capacity

1. Aviation System Capacity Frank J. Aguilera National Aeronautics & Space Administration

2. 350 100 300 250 200 World Gross Domestic Product (Trillions of US Dollars) 50 Billions of Revenue Passenger Miles 150 Annual World Air Traffic2 100 World GDP3 50 0 0 Fiscal Year FY80 FY85 FY90 FY95 FY00 FY05 FY10 Air Transportation Forecasts

3. Benefits: • Enable significant improvements to critical transportation infrastructure • Assure safe, reduced delay flight as air traffic density increases • Improve mobility for public • Improve air-traveler’s time productivity Aviation System Throughput While maintaining safety, triple the Aviation System throughput, in all weather conditions, within 10 years CHALLENGES OUTCOMES 1997 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2007 2022 Safe, efficient air traffic management with all-weather operation beyond current clear-weather capacity 10 25 Year Deliverables: Year Deliverables: Operations Systems • New operations paradigm • All ops beyond today’s VMC rules • 2nd generation ATM/AOS tools — integrated strategic/tactical planning — autonomous monitoring and advisories • “Free Flight” operations concept (with FAA) • IMC operations at current VMC rates • 1st generation decision support tools and automation aids Real-time, distributed intelligent automated aviation system-wide monitoring with safety and operational advisories Expanded, high productivity utilization of short-runway and runway independent aircraft within an expanded NAS 10 25 Aircraft Configuration Year Deliverables: Year Deliverables: • High capacity, unobtrusive operations of runway independent vehicles • Technologies for high- productivity, weather-tolerant vehicles • Demonstrated intermodal operations • Simultaneous, non-interference, neighborhood-friendly rotorcraft / tiltrotor operations High productivity, weather tolerant vehicle systems with intermodal operations capability

4. Benefits: • Enable significant improvements to critical transportation infrastructure • Assure safe, reduced delay flight as air traffic density increases • Improve mobility for public • Improve air-traveler’s time productivity Aviation System Throughput While maintaining safety, triple the Aviation System throughput, in all weather conditions, within 10 years CHALLENGES OUTCOMES 1997 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 Safe, efficient air traffic management with all-weather operation beyond current clear-weather capacity 2007 2022 Operations Systems FAA NAS Architecture Phase I Phase II Phase III Real-time, distributed intelligent automated aviation system-wide monitoring with safety and operational advisories Terminal Area Productivity Extended Operations Systems Technology for Advanced Operational Concepts Advanced Air Traffic Technology Aviation Safety Program Base R&T Program Other Agencies Systems Tech. Program; Planned and Funded Systems Tech. Program, Required but Unfunded Integration of Intelligent Aviation Systems Phase I Phase II Information Technology & Aviation Operation Systems Aircraft Configuration Expanded, high productivity utilization of short-runway and runway independent aircraft within an expanded NAS Short-Haul Civil Tilt Rotor 2 Short-Haul Civil Tilt Rotor Industry /DoD/FAA Industry Advanced Runway Independent Vehicle Systems High productivity, weather tolerant vehicle systems with intermodal operations capability Revolutionary High Productivity Vehicle Systems Intermodal Operations Demo Base R&T Program Other Agencies & Industry Systems Tech. Program; Planned and Funded Systems Tech. Program, Required but Unfunded Rotorcraft, Airframe Systems & Propulsion Systems

5. Overview of Capacity Program Short-Haul Civil Tilt-Rotor (SHCT) Develop the most critical technologies to enable a civil tilt-rotor: • reducing perceived noise 12 dB • enabling safe terminal area operations • enabling operation with one engine inoperative Terminal Area Productivity (TAP) Safely achieve clear-weather airport capacity in instrument-weather conditions: • increasing single runway throughput 12 to 15% • reducing lateral spacing below 3400 feet on parallel runways • equivalent instrument/clear weather runway occupancy time Advanced Air Transportation Technologies (AATT) In alliance with the FAA, enable next generation of increases in capacity, flexibility and efficiency, while maintaining safety, of aircraftoperations within the US and global airspace system: • increasing terminal throughput 40% • increasing enroute throughput 20%

6. SHCT Goals Efficient, Low Noise Proprotor Reduce Proprotor Noise by 6 dBA over current technology. Low Noise Terminal Area Approach Reduce Ground Noise Impact by 6 dBA utilizing complex approach profiles, safely, under all-weather conditions Contingency Power Engine technology to achieve One Engine Inoperative requirements in the terminal area at minimum cost < 65 DNL outside confines of vertiport

7. CTR Sound Exposure Level Footprints

8. System Noise Code: TRAC Tilt-rotor Aeroacoustic Codes, CFD and non-CFD approach Developmental Noise Code: CAMRAD.Mod1 /HIRES Non-CFD High Resolution Wake Modeling / Loads Langley Rotorcraft Acoustic Prediction Development FY 93 FY 94 FY 95 FY 96 FY 97 FY 00 FY 98 FY 99 VALIDATION ROTONET / FPRBVI ROTONET Enhancement REFINEMENTS /APPLICATIONS for optimization and operations TRAC 1 REFINEMENTS / APPLICATIONS VALIDATION - helicopter BVI model TRAC 2 - BVI TR model - helicopter and propeller mode VALIDATION - full aircraft trim - advanced wake models - rotor / wake /wing/fuselage interaction - hover / taxiing CAMRAD.Mod1 development VALIDATION CAMRAD.Mod2 development VALIDATION HIRES REFINEMENTS / APPLICATONS for optimization and operations Wopwop Wopwop+ KIRCHHOFF / FWH BARC (Broadband: Self and BWI)

9. Capacity and Safety Interface Safety Capacity Interface Areas Modeling PDARS Synthetic Vision Weather Products Human Factors Safe Flight 21