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Intriguing Chemistry of Living Matter

Explore the fundamental elements and molecules that make up living organisms, such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids. Discover the essential functions of these components in cell structure, energy storage, and biochemical processes.

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Intriguing Chemistry of Living Matter

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  1. Chapter 2 Section 3 The Chemistry of Life

  2. Atom • Everything, living or non-living, is made of atoms • Smallest part of matter or element • Parts of the atom include the neutrons, electrons and protons

  3. Element • A substance made of one type of atom • Found on the periodic table

  4. Molecule • When two or more atoms join together H2O – water

  5. Carbon Hydrogen Nitrogen Oxygen Phosphorus Sulfur C H N O P S 6 Common Elements in Living things

  6. Proteins • Base unit is called amino acids • Most abundant material in cell after water

  7. Protein Functions • Makes feathers, hair and spider webs • Hemoglobin – oxygen to body parts • Enzymes – chemical reactions

  8. Carbohydrates • Made of sugar • Cells use as a source for energy • Simple or complex carbs • Simple = one or a few sugars • Complex= many sugars

  9. Starch • Plants store complex carbohydrates as starch • Found in potatoes

  10. Lipids • Compounds that cannot mix with water • Store energy

  11. Fats and Oils • Store energy • Structures are almost identical • Fats – solid at room temp • Oils – liquid at room temp

  12. Phospholipids • Make the cell membrane Water loving Water fearing Water loving

  13. Nucleic acids • Made of base units called nucleotides • Blue prints of life • DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

  14. The Cell’s Fuel • ATP • Adenosine triphosphate • comes from broken down food molecules

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