Presentation Skills: How to Keep Your Audience Awake, Alert, and Informed

1. Presentation Skills:How to Keep Your Audience Awake, Alert, and Informed Kelley Branch, MD, MS Division of Cardiology University of Washington

2. What to Avoid Another riveting lecture by Dr. Branch

3. Outline • Know your audience • Presentation skills to keep them awake • Powerpoint slides • Tips and tricks

4. Presentation Skills • Know your audience • Ask beforehand • Tailor to level and interest • Experts – Heavy on data • Not so expert – “What do I need to know” • Q: “So…when do we use this?”

5. Presentation Skills: Know Your Material • Focus on the message (10% rule) • Know your topic well enough to explain it and answer questions • Requires adequate preparation • Address your own questions as you prepare • Run under time • 5-10 minutes for discussion • Have an “out”. Know what to skip

6. Who Are You? Lecture Styles to Avoid Fixes Watch the news Pick one portion of every slide to emphasize This is not your living room Have friend “critique” Keep an eye on the mic and the back walls • Monotone • Soft talker/Mumbler • Enzo (Ferrari) • Chatty Cathy or Ken • Verbal tic (“Basically…”) • The Wanderer • Screen talker

7. Presentation Skills • Speak clearly • SLOW DOWN • Tempo equal to a news anchor • Talk to people or mic, not screen(s) • Talk to the back of the room • Use the pause Enthusiasm is Infectious

8. Presentation Skills • Involve the audience • Small room – eye contact to everyone • Large room – split audience into 3rds • Find the “nodder” • Minimize hands and movements, like props • Avoid lecturalgia

9. Large or National Meetings • Sit up and forward • Acknowledge meeting and moderators • Engage from the start • Use greeting or phrase in native language • Keep same distance from mic • Organize to run under time • No one cares about data if running late

10. BRAIN BREAK • About every 10-15 minutes • May use outline slide • Use cartoons or pictures • Make a point with it • Question as a transition

11. Powerpoint Slides

12. Powerpoint Slides: Why? • A means to an end • Try to effectively and succinctly communicate data • Entertainment • A picture is not limited to 1000 words • Prompt for ideas • Good example: An Inconvenient Truth

13. Powerpoint Outline • Tell them you are going to tell them, tell them, and tell them you told them • Hints for good presentations • Slidemaking rules • Choosing slide parameters • Tables, Graphs, Pictures • Think HAIKU!

14. Powerpoint Outline • Tell them you are going to tell them, tell them, and tell them you told them • Hints for good presentations • Slidemaking rules • Choosing slide parameters • Tables, Graphs, Pictures • Think HAIKU!

15. Hints for Good Presentations • 10% Rule – What 10% from presentation are the take away points? • Limit points to bare minimum • Phrases OK, sentences not • Make it BIG, SIMPLE, CLEAR • Enjoy and embrace space

16. Hints for Good Presentations • 10% Rule – What 10% from presentation are the take away points? • Limit points to bare minimum • Phrases OK, sentences not • Make it BIG, SIMPLE, CLEAR • Enjoy and embrace space

17. Rules/Guidelines for Slides • 8 foot rule -- Try to read a printout at 8 feet • Titles: 44 points +/- 4 • Body: 32 points +/- 4 • Font selection – Avoid kerned/serif fonts • Use Arial or Helvetica, NOTTimes New Roman or Courier 32 point font

18. Fonts - 44 • Serif Font: Times New Roman – 36 • Times New Roman - 28 • Times New Roman - 20 • Times New Roman - 12 • Non-serif font: Arial - 36 • Arial – 28 • Arial – 20 • Arial - 12

19. Rules (cont.) • Total number of lines -> try to limit to 6-8 • Use the entire slide, they are cheap! • Emphasis • bold fonts, italic fonts, or different colors. NOT underlining • Use animation sparingly • Use shadowing of text, slides look less flat

20. Rules (cont.) • Total number of lines -> try to limit to 6-8 • Use the entire slide, they are cheap! • Emphasis • bold fonts, italic fonts, or different colors. NOT underlining • Use animation sparingly • Use shadowing of text, slides look less flat

21. BRAIN BREAK • About every 10-15 minutes • May use outline slide • Use cartoons or pictures • Make a point with it • Question as a transition

22. How does obesity affect our patients?

23. Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Your patient? Or your patient?

24. The “Ideal” World Statin

25. The Really Ideal World Statin Prozac Vicodin Viagra

26. Backgrounds • Use a color and contrasting font • Darker background colors, avoid black and white • Avoid “Background As The Presentation” • Careful with gradients • Try palettes on Powerpoint • Be cautious, simple is better • View your slideshow from across the room

27. Backgrounds • This is classic and works • Stark contrast of back type • White background fatigues the eyes after ~30 minutes

28. Backgrounds • Who here is annoyed? • It is probably good for subliminal text • Even dark is annoying…

29. Therapeutic methods in ischaemic MR Medical treatment • It could be hypothesised that the effects of vasodilators on ventricular dimensions and remodelling could reduce the area of the regurgitant orifice, while this is not the case in organic mitral regurgitation. • Most studies have demonstrated a decrease in the regurgitant fraction and/or LV volumes after 3–12 months using ACE inhibitors or AT1 receptor blockers. * Vasodilators :

30. Backgrounds • Any questions…. • Comments….

31. Powerpoint Colors • Average 3 colors per slide • Emphasis with bold colors • Color blindness • Avoid greens, reds, purples • Colors internationally may have different meanings http://www.vischeck.com/vischeck/vischeckImage.php

32. Pericardial Pressure Volume Loop • Slow fluid accumulation • Stretch to accommodate volume • No significant rise in pericardial pressure • Can accumulate 1-2 liters • Rapid fluid accumulation • Cannot accommodate volume • Pericardial pressure rises rapidly • 50-100 cc’s marked increase in pressure

33. Hints for Powerpoint

34. Slides • PowerPoint is a great tool – but it isn’t the point of the presentation

35. Slides • PowerPoint is a great tool – but it isn’t the point of the presentation • The audience will read your slide instead of listening to you

36. Slides • PowerPoint is a great tool – but it isn’t the point of the presentation • The audience will read your slide instead of listening to you • Use font, pictures, custom animation, etc. with visual appeal, but don’t go overboard

37. Powerpoint Slides: Pitfalls • Avoid the obstipated slide • No more than two graphs on a slide • Avoid simply reading the slide • Avoid "Laser Light Shows” • Mouse pointer if large venue, >1 screen • Backup, backup, backup! • On computer, email to yourself, CD/Zip/USB

38. Some Powerpoint Specifics and Examples

39. Powerpoint Outline • Tell them you are going to tell them, tell them, and tell them you told them • Hints for good presentations • Slidemaking rules • Choosing slide parameters • Tables, Graphs, Pictures • Think HAIKU!

40. The Major Point of the Talk • Chest pain is bad

41. Please, please make a point Perhaps only you care about your kids/dog/moose pic Are you… sitting on the opportunity to treat cholesterol? Pictures

42. Movies • CHECK YOUR MOVIES EVERYTIME!!! • Different computers, different projectors • Arrive early and check • Changing resolution most common solution • Use Pack and Play (2007) or Package Presentation for CD (2010) • Put slides and movies in the same folder • No subfolders!

43. Tables • BEWARE… “This is a busy slide, buuuuut…” • Make sure point is clear (colors, bold, etc.) • Can use background to highlight

44. Mega Data Slide – CHF Trials What is my point?

45. Average 21% 25% 0.77 ACE Inhibitors and Mortality Reduction Mortality Trial ACEI Controls RR (95% CI) Chronic CHF CONSENSUS I 39% 54% 0.56 (0.34–0.91) SOLVD (Treatment) 35% 40% 0.82 (0.70–0.97) SOLVD (Prevention) 15% 16% 0.92 (0.79–1.08) Make another point with text box or highlighting Post MI SAVE 20% 25% 0.81 (0.68–0.97) AIRE 17% 23% 0.73 (0.60–0.89) TRACE 35% 42% 0.78 (0.67–0.91) SMILE 6.5% 8.3% 0.78 (0.52–1.12) Garg R et al. JAMA. 1995;273:1450–1456.

46. MSCT and Chest Pain

47. Charts and Graphs • They should inform with a single glance • Slide contents should be self evident, but explain anyway • Take audience thorough slide • Delete extraneous stuff (backgrounds, lines, etc.)

48. Neurohormonal Axis Myocardial injury to the heart (CAD, HTN, CMP, Valvular disease) Initial fall in LV performance,  wall stress Activation of RAAS and SNS Fibrosis, apoptosis,hypertrophy, cellular/molecular alterations,myotoxicity Remodeling and progressive worsening of LV function Peripheral vasoconstriction Hemodynamic alterations Heart failure symptoms Morbidity and mortality Arrhythmias Pump failure FatigueActivity altered Chest congestionEdemaSOB RAAS = renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; SNS = sympathetic nervous system.

49. US Carvedilol Heart Failure Program:Effect on Hospitalizations Placebo (n = 398) Carvedilol (n = 696) 28%*  29%*  38%* 30 *P <.05 20 Duration of therapy: 6.5 months (median) % 10 0 AllHospitalizations CardiovascularHospitalization Heart FailureHospitalizations Fowler MB et al. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001;37:1692–1699.

50. Charts and Graphs • Try not to use charts/graphs from journals • Can use animation for impact