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Contributions of the Islamic Empire

Contributions of the Islamic Empire. Architecture. The most important contribution is the mosque Mosques are the center of the worship Many were converted Christian churches. Calligraphy. Greek for “beautiful writing” Considered the highest form of Art

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Contributions of the Islamic Empire

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  1. Contributions of the Islamic Empire

  2. Architecture • The most important contribution is the mosque • Mosques are the center of the worship • Many were converted Christian churches

  3. Calligraphy • Greek for “beautiful writing” • Considered the highest form of Art • Believed that Allah used the Arabic language to recite the Qur’an to Muhammad • Calligraphy adorned architecture, art, coins, jewelry, textiles, weapons, tools, paintings, and manuscrips

  4. Painting • Discouraged use of pictorial images • Opted for calligraphy and geometric shapes • If used pictures they were secular (non-religious) • Example- human body in a medical book

  5. Carpet • Carpet weaving was unique and artistic • Highly valued in the West • Introduced by Italian merchants

  6. Medicine • Pioneered practice of diagnosis, cure, and future prevention • First hospital in Islamic world was in Damascus in 707 • Hygiene was emphasized • Open 24 hours a day • Al Razi diagnosed chickenpox

  7. Strides in Medicine • Treatments for smallpox and measles • Observations made in hay fever, kidney stones, and scabies • First to use opium as an anesthetic • Discovered tuberculosis

  8. Astronomy • Muslim calendar was based on lunar calendar • Wanted to predict the arrival of the new moon to mark a month • Map the coordinates of the stars • Estimated the Earth’s atmosphere within 2 km • Astrolabe invented which was used until telescope

  9. Mathematics • Introduced algebra • Arabic numerals were introduced to Eurpe • Algorithms • Developed trigonometry • First to use concept of sines and cotangents • Developed early form of calculus

  10. Philosophy • Argument over philosophy and theology • Arguments over faith versus reason

  11. Sources of Images used • Architecture • http://www.fotocommunity.com/pc/pc/display/19156061 • Calligraphy • http://www.fotopedia.com/items/flickr-3296333267 • Atrolabe • www.muslimmuseum.org • Art • http://www.fotopedia.com/items/flickr-3802478172 • Carpet • http://www.nga.gov/exhibitions/2004/artexchange/artexchange_ss.htm • Medicine • Med.wayne.edu

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