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Learn about the US election requirements outlined in the constitution. Discover eligibility criteria for presidential, vice-presidential, senatorial, and House of Representatives candidates, including age, citizenship, and residency. Explore voting rights, literacy qualifications, and poll taxes in certain states.
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The US Constitution includes some general provisions on the franchise. It sets forth certain requirements for candidates running for a post of a president, vice-president, senator or member of the House of Representatives. Requirements usually concern age, residence and citizenship.
The President and Vice-President are elected every four years. They must be at least 35 years of age, they must be native-born citizens of the United States, and they must have been residents of the U.S. for at least 14 years. (Also, a person cannot be elected to a third term as President.)
A residence qualification requires a permanent residence of an individual in order to get the right to vote. Besides, some states have the so-called literacy qualification (the voter should be able to read and speak English, he/she must know how to interpret the US Constitution).
It should be mentioned that in some states a poll tax is levied upon everyone who votes and this certainly discourages poor citizens and Afro-Americans from voting. In this context, it is not surprising that not all the Americans participate in elections, including congressional or presidential elections.