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A GENERALIZED HISTORY OF EARTH

A GENERALIZED HISTORY OF EARTH. TIMES. This can be done several ways I choose to break Earth’s history into nine time periods. ~~5 billion years - - - - - 4.6 billion years. Extrapolation for the most part Formation of solar system—accumulation of space trash. 4.6 billion years - -

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A GENERALIZED HISTORY OF EARTH

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  1. A GENERALIZED HISTORY OF EARTH

  2. TIMES • This can be done several ways • I choose to break Earth’s history into nine time periods

  3. ~~5 billion years - - - - - 4.6 billion years Extrapolation for the most part Formation of solar system—accumulation of space trash

  4. 4.6 billion years - - - - - - -3.8 billion years Heating and melting of earth Out-gassing; early atmosphere Segregation of and cooling of entire Earth Early crust Early seas Beginnin of Plate Tectonics Life—single cell, anaerobic, prokaryotic, bacteria

  5. 3.8 billion years - - - - - 2.5 billion years Seas, freshsalty Life – earliest plants, prokaryotic, photosynthesis Atmosphere, more O, less CO2

  6. Photosynthesis (within plant cell) • Energy (radiant) • CO2  C(in tissues) + O2

  7. 2.5 billion years - - - - - 1.7 billion years Some critical level of oxygen  ppt of iron oxides Seas lose their Fe Accumulation of the Iron Formations

  8. Generalized reaction • Not ballanced or proper oxidation states • Fein solution + O2 FeO.nH2O ppt

  9. 1.7 billion years - - - - - 540 million years Eukaryotic cells! Life forms go nuts Seas and atmosphere approach modern compositions Sexual reproduction!!!!!

  10. Importance of sexual vs. asexual reproduction • Asexual (prokaryotic life) like a clone – like-like-like-like-like-like-like • Sexual (eukaryotic life) exchange and mixing of genes – great variability unlike-ikulen-different-efefident-tenidffee

  11. 540 million years - - - - - - 245 million years Hard parts!! Plate movements Fish Land plants Amphibians Seed ferns and scale trees reptiles

  12. Hard parts • Shell – CaCO3 • Kytton – complex, organic, C-bearing • Bone – CaPO4 • Teeth – CaPO4 • Scales -- • Cellulose (sort of) – complex, organic, C-bearing

  13. Hard parts -- importance • Protection and structure • Key to fossilization • Hence, key to information preservation

  14. Shells of various sorts

  15. Fish have bone and teeth

  16. 245 million years - - - - - 66 million years Great extinction Plate movements 1 Cone bearing plants Dinosaurs Mammals Plate movements 2 Birds Flowering plants

  17. BIO FAMILY BIO FAMILY BIO FAMILY BIO FAMILY BIO FAMILY BIO FAMILY BIO FAMILY BIO FAMILY marine invertebrates marine invertebrates marine invertebrates marine invertebrates marine invertebrates marine invertebrates marine invertebrates marine invertebrates marine invertebrates marine invertebrates A GREAT EXTINCTION AT245 MILLION YEARS

  18. PLATE CONFIGERATION ATABOUT 180 MILLION YEARS

  19. Some new players in the game of life

  20. PLATE CONFIGERATION AT ABOUT 120 MILLION YEARS

  21. 66 million years - - - - - 1.6 million years Extinction Earliest horse Grasses Earliest hominids

  22. BIO FAMILY BIO FAMILY BIO FAMILY BIO FAMILY BIO FAMILY BIO FAMILY BIO FAMILY BIO FAMILY DINOSAURS A MAJOR EXTINCTION AT66 MILLION YEARS

  23. Three new players in the game of life

  24. 1.6 million years - - - - 1,200 years NOW The ice ages

  25. The Ice Ages • A time of climatic vairation • Four times  cold • Four times  ice caps and glaciers • Spaced by  warm (like now) • Including warm before and now

  26. AND CAME THE ICE AND COVERED ~25% OF THE LAND

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