Unit 2 Review

1. Unit 2 Review

2. Which of the following is a biotic factor? a. producers b. pH c. water d. humidity e. energy

3. Which of the following are needed for photosynthesis? a. Water, solar energy and carbon dioxide b. Water, solar energy and glucose c. Carbon dioxide, energy and glucose d. Oxygen, water and energy e. Oxygen and glucose

4. Which of the organisms illustrated above would be considered autotrophs? a. Beetle b. Bacteria c. Grass d. Cheetah e. Giraffe

5. Which group of organisms performs photosynthesis? a. Decomposers b. Scavengers c. Heterotrophs d. Consumers e. Autotrophs

6. A wetland ecosystem has an NPP of 1.02 kg C/m2/year and a GPP of 2.80 kg C/m2/year. How much carbon is being used during respiration of autotrophs? a. 3.82 kg C/m2/year b. 1.76 kg C/m2/year c. 1.78 kg C/m2/year d. 2.86 kg C/m2/year e. 2.75 kg C/m2/year

7. During what stage of the hydrologic cycle is water released to the atmosphere from plants? a. Evaporation b. Transpiration c. Precipitation d. Infiltration e. Condensation

8. Which of the organisms illustrated above would be considered a decomposer? a. Vulture b. Zebra c. Hyena d. Bacteria e. Hare

9. Organisms that feed on both plants and animals are called a. detritus feeders. b. omnivores. c. carnivores. d. herbivores. e. decomposers.

10. Freshly fallen leaves, organic debris, and partially decomposed organic matter are indicative of the a. surface litter. b. zone of leaching. c. parent material. d. subsoil. e. humus.

11. What relatively recent development is greatly impacting the carbon cycle? a. Photosynthesis b. Cellular Respiration c. Formation of fossil fuels d. Combustion of fossil fuels e. Formation of carbonate rocks

12. What is a possible result of an increased amount of CO2 in the atmosphere? a. Increased precipitation b. Decreased photosynthesis c. Increase in global temperature d. Decrease in cellular respiration e. Increase in formation of fossil fuels

13. When nutrients are transported through soil with water, this process is known as a. Infiltration b. Percolation c. Decomposition d. Leaching e. Nitrification

14. What is the major source of phosphorus on land? a. Deposition from atmospheric phosphorus b. Compounds that are formed by autotrophs during photosynthesis c. Compounds released from the weathering of rocks d. Compounds formed from bacterial conversion e. Compounds dissolved in precipitation

15. Which nutrient is most often limiting in aquatic freshwater ecosystems? a. Nitrogen b. Phosphorus c. Carbon d. Hydrogen e. Sulfur

16. In which step of the nitrogen cycle do plants absorb nitrogen compounds? a. Nitrification b. Denitrification c. Assimilation d. Ammonification e. Nitrogen fixation

17. Which stage of the hydrologic cycle can be the most direct cause of algal blooms? a. Evaporation b. Precipitation c. Transpiration d. Infiltration e. Runoff

18. A group of individuals of the same species occupying a given area at the same time is called a a. species. b. population. c. community. d. genus. e. niche.

19. Which of the organisms illustrated above would be the top predator? a. Zebra b. Hyena c. Lion d. Cheetah e. Giraffe

20. A community of living organisms interacting with one another and the physical and chemical factors of their nonliving environment is called a  a. species. b. an ecosystem. c. a population. d. a lithosphere. e. a community.

21. The zones that compose a mature soil are known as a. strata. b. profiles. c. horizons. d. laminae. e. samples.

22. Fossil fuels and minerals are found in the a. atmosphere. b. hydrosphere.   c. biosphere. d. lithosphere. e. troposphere.

23. Organisms that feed on dead organisms are called a. producers. b. carnivores. c. autotrophs. d. scavengers. e. omnivores.

24. The pyramid which best explains why there are typically only four to five links in a food chain is the pyramid of a. energy. b. biomass. c. numbers. d. matter. e. productivity.

25. Nitrogen gas is converted to ammonia through a. nitrification. b. nitrogen fixation. c. denitrification. d. assimilation. e. leaching.

26. Which of the organisms above would occupy the lowest trophic level? a. Hyena b. Cheetah c. Vulture d. Giraffe e. Lion

27. Which of the following ecosystems has the lowest level of kilocalories per square meter per year? a. open ocean b. tropical rain forest c. agricultural land d. lakes and streams e. temperate forest

28. Which of the following ecosystems has the highest average net primary productivity? a. agricultural land b. open ocean c. temperate forest d. swamps and marshes e. lakes and streams

29. As it is weathered, ____ gives rise to the C-horizon. a. humus b. leaching c. subsoil d. bed rock e. B-horizon

30. The organisms that are classified as primary consumers are the a. detritivores. b. omnivores. c. carnivores. d. herbivores. e. decomposers.

31. Which of the organisms illustrated above would be considered primary consumers? a. Cheetah b. Rabbit c. Lion d. Vulture e. Beetle

32. The dissolving of material from the upper layers of the soil and its movement to lower horizons is called a. percolation. b. weathering. c. accumulation. d. leaching. e. humus.

33. The major plant nutrient most likely to be a limiting factor in saltwater is a. phosphorous. b. calcium. c. manganese. d. potassium. e. nitrogen.

34. Organisms that complete the final breakdown and recycling of organic materials from the remains or wastes of all organisms are called a. detritivores. b. carnivores. c. decomposers. d. scavengers. e. omnivores.

35. The most common gas in the atmosphere is a. nitrogen. b. carbon dioxide. c. oxygen. d. hydrogen. e. helium.

36. Computer models suggest that adding carbon dioxide to the atmosphere could a. reduce the natural greenhouse effect. b. increase food production. c. raise sea level. d. stabilize climate patterns. e. decrease food production.

37. Carbon is a major component of a. atmospheric gases. b. sedimentary rocks. c. the oceans. d. organic compounds. e. water cycle.