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Designing P3-Systems using ESM.

Designing P3-Systems using ESM. Chris Leberknight New Jersey Institute of Technology. Outline. What is ESM? Overview of P3-Systems Why would we use ESM? The ESM P3 Study CampusWiki –prototype for a P3-System. Questions?. E xperience S ampling M ethod Background .

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Designing P3-Systems using ESM.

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  1. Designing P3-Systems using ESM. Chris Leberknight New Jersey Institute of Technology Chris Leberknight NJIT IS Seminar

  2. Outline • What is ESM? • Overview of P3-Systems • Why would we use ESM? • The ESM P3 Study • CampusWiki –prototype for a P3-System. • Questions? Chris Leberknight NJIT IS Seminar

  3. Experience Sampling MethodBackground • (ESM) a.k.a. ecological momentary assessment (EMA) • Primarily used for time-use studies and preventive medicine measurement studies. • Subjects are asked to carry a beeper device that signals on a time-based protocol determined by the researcher. • Each time the beeper activates, subjects fill out a survey that typically includes questions asking what the subject was doing and how the subject was feeling at the time of the alarm. Source: http://web.media.mit.edu/~intille/caes/ Chris Leberknight NJIT IS Seminar

  4. Four characteristics of traditional ESM/EMA methods [1]. • Assess phenomena at the moment they occur • Usually involve a substantial number of repeated observations • Made in the environments that subjects typically inhabit • Dependent upon careful timing of assessments Source: [1] Stone, A.A., Shiffman, S. Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) in Behavioral Medicine. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 1994, 16(3): 199-202.  Chris Leberknight NJIT IS Seminar

  5. Standard Sampling Methods. • Using standard methods researchers are limited to three types of scheduling formats [2]: • Event-contingent • Time-contingent • Signal-contingent. Source: [2] Wheeler, L., Reis, H.T. Self-Recording of Everyday Life Events: Origins, Types, and Uses. Journal of Personality. 1991, 59: 339-354. Chris Leberknight NJIT IS Seminar

  6. Context-aware experience sampling. • Improves upon ESM/EMA by using emerging computational perception and sensing technologies to automatically detect events that can trigger sampling and thereby data collection. Source: http://web.media.mit.edu/~intille/caes/caesindex.htm Chris Leberknight NJIT IS Seminar

  7. P3-Systems • Location based community system. • Connecting People to People to Places. Chris Leberknight NJIT IS Seminar

  8. Four Factors of P3-Systems • People Properties • Place Properties • People-Place relationships • People-People relationships Source: Jones Q., Grandhi S., Terveen L., and Whittaker S., (2004). People-To-People-to-Geographical-Places: The P3 Framework for Location-Based Community Systems. Journal of Computer Supported Cooperative Work. Kluwer Academic Publishers. Chris Leberknight NJIT IS Seminar

  9. P3-System Chris Leberknight NJIT IS Seminar

  10. Why would we use ESM? • Goal of ESM is to maximize the validity of data collected by avoiding or minimizing retrospective recall. • Other types of data collection methods don’t help address Retrospective Recall. • Basic Paper Surveys • Diaries • What did you do last Wednesday? • Where were you on 10/24/05?? Chris Leberknight NJIT IS Seminar

  11. Why would we use ESM? (Cont.) • Provide information based on location. • Need accurate geotemporal data. • Answers where and at what time? • Study behavioral and location patterns. Chris Leberknight NJIT IS Seminar

  12. The ESM P3 Study • Requirement Analysis to help design P3 System. i.e. Connecting People to People to Places. • The pattern and places students visit on campus? • Where they would share information and with whom? • Which places are sharing places and which are not? Chris Leberknight NJIT IS Seminar

  13. ESM P3 Study (Cont.) • Approximately 45-50 students. • Signal contingent method. • Ipaq, wireless devices. • Survey dispatched at different times during the day for 1 week, using C# and wireless communication to Ipaq. Chris Leberknight NJIT IS Seminar

  14. ESM P3 Study Survey. • Typical survey questions: • Where are you? • Is this place important to you? • Would you share your presence in this location with anyone? • Would you like to know if your friends, classmates, professors, …etc are in the next place you are going? Chris Leberknight NJIT IS Seminar

  15. ESM P3 Study (Cont.) • Collect all data from survey and put into SPSS. • Analyze SPSS data (frequencies and cross tabulations) • Follow up with each subject for a Semi-Structured Interview. Helps to explain what’s in the ESM data and what’s not. Chris Leberknight NJIT IS Seminar

  16. ESM Flow Chris Leberknight NJIT IS Seminar

  17. CampusWiki • Wiki allows you to freely create and edit web pages. • Enhance collaboration and community building. • Provide individuals with default information based on location. Chris Leberknight NJIT IS Seminar

  18. CampusWiki Screen Shot Chris Leberknight NJIT IS Seminar

  19. CampusWiki (Cont.) Chris Leberknight NJIT IS Seminar

  20. Questions??? Chris Leberknight NJIT IS Seminar

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