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Tomislav Skračić, MA Undergraduate English Course for MARI NE ENGINEERS 1st Semester

Essential reading: SPINČIĆ, A., An English Textbook For Marine Engineers I ., Pomorski fakultet, Rijeka 2008. LUZER, J., SPINČIĆ, A., Gramatička vježbenica engleskog jezika za pomorce , Pomorski fakultet, Rijeka 2003.

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Tomislav Skračić, MA Undergraduate English Course for MARI NE ENGINEERS 1st Semester

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  1. Essential reading: SPINČIĆ, A., An English Textbook For Marine Engineers I., Pomorski fakultet, Rijeka 2008. LUZER, J., SPINČIĆ, A., Gramatička vježbenica engleskog jezika za pomorce, Pomorski fakultet, Rijeka 2003. Tomislav Skračić, MAUndergraduate English Course forMARINE ENGINEERS1st Semester

  2. THE PRESENT PERFECT Continuous Study these sentences: I have been watching these people for the last ten minutes. The company has been looking for a new CEO. These old ships have been lying at the anchorage since 1990. We have been living here all the time.

  3. THE PRESENT PERFECTContinuous – Use • The Present Perfect Continuous expresses a continuous action from the past until now. • EXAMPLE: Ante has been working for ACI for 10 years. • ( = He started to work there 10 years ago and still works for ACI) • NOTE:Sometimes there is little or no difference between the Present Perfect Simple and Continuous: • Ante has worked for ACI for 10 years. • Ante has been working for ACI for 10 years. • But sometimes there is significant difference: • The engineer has repaired the valve. • ( = RESULT, the valve is repaired) • The engineer has been repairing the valve. • ( = the action is still going on)

  4. How to form THE PRESENT PERFECT Continuous HAVE BEEN / HAS BEEN + main verb (“ing” form) 1. I have beenworking. 2. You have beenworking. 3. He / She / It has beenworking. 1. We have beenworking. 2. You have beenworking. 3. They have beenworking. NOTE: The short forms in everyday speech: It has beenraining for 5 days. = It’sbeenraining for 5 days. We have beenworking hard. = We’vebeenworking hard.

  5. THE PRESENT PERFECT Continuous– Questions Questions are formed by reversing the order of the auxiliary and the main verb: EXAMPLES: It has beenraining for a long time. Has it beenraining for a long time? Ivica and Marica have beenliving here since 2010. Have Ivica and Marica beenliving here since 2010? How long have Ivica and Marica beenliving here?

  6. THE PRESENT PERFECT Continuous– Negations HAVE BEEN / HAS BEEN + not + main verb EXAMPLES: They have not been living here since 2010. NOTE: The short forms haven’tandhasn’t in everyday speech. They haven’tlived here since 2010. He hasn’tgot four sisters.

  7. EXERCISE: Translate into English: 1. Kakvo je ono plovilo po krmi broda za rasuti teret? (astern of) 2. Kojoj kompaniji pripada ovaj brod? 3. Moderni kruzeri zahtijevaju preko 50 strojara i električara. (electricians) 4. Upravo sam potpisao ugovor i sutra odlazim. 5. Očekuje se da će putovanje trajati 5 do 6 dana. 6. Jesi li shvatio upotrebu sidrenog vitla? (windlass) 7. Zapovjednik već govori tri strana jezika a sada uči četvrti. (a forth) 8. Znaš li koja je svrha bulbastog pramca? (bulbous bow)

  8. EXERCISE: Translate into English: 9. Kad sam stigao na most, prvi časnik i zapovjednik su raspravljali o ukrcaju tereta. (the first mate and the master) 10. Upravitelj stroja je također odgovoran za krcanje i potrošnju goriva, održavanje strojeva i popravke. (bunkering) 11. Taj je brod konstruiran da prevozi ukapljeni plin na vrlo niskim temperaturama. (at very low) 12. Ostali uređaji obuhvaćaju elektranu, teretne vinčeve, sidreno vitlo, kormilarski uređaj, itd. (power plant, ... steering gear, etc.)

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