1 / 22

Glucose

6C. 2 x 3C. -2 NAD. NAD. GAPDH. NADH + H +. ADP. +4 ATP. ATP. PEP. ADP. 2 x 3C. ATP. Pyruvate. -2 NAD. CoASH + NAD. -2 CoASH. PDHC. CO 2 + NADH + H +. 2x 2C. Acetyl- CoA. Glycolysis. Glucose. ATP. ADP. -2 ATP. ATP. ADP. T3P. Glycolysis simplified. Glucose. 2 NAD.

neil
Download Presentation

Glucose

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. 6C 2 x 3C -2 NAD NAD GAPDH NADH + H+ ADP +4 ATP ATP PEP ADP 2 x 3C ATP Pyruvate -2 NAD CoASH + NAD -2 CoASH PDHC CO2 + NADH + H+ 2x 2C Acetyl-CoA Glycolysis Glucose ATP ADP -2 ATP ATP ADP T3P

  2. Glycolysis simplified Glucose 2 NAD 2 NADH + 2 H+ 2 ADP 2 ATP 2 Pyruvate 2 CoASH + 2 NAD 2 CO2 + 2 NADH + 2 H+ 2 Acetyl-CoA

  3. NAD + 3 ATP 3 ATP + NAD FAD + 2 ATP 3 ATP + NAD TCA / Respiration + O2 2C Acetyl-CoA 4C CoASH OAA Citrate NADH + H+ 6C NAD Isocitrate Malate NAD Fumarate NADH + H+ CO2 FADH2 2-KG FAD Succinate CoASH + NAD Succinyl- CoA CoASH NADH + H+ ATP CO2 ADP 4C

  4. 2 Acetyl-CoA 2 CoASH 6 NADH + 6 H+ 2 FADH2 + 2 H+ 2 ATP TCA / Respiration simplified 18 ATP +6 NAD 4 ATP +2 FAD

  5. simplified 2 Acetyl-CoA 2 ADP 2 ATP 2 Acetate 2 CoASH An alternative Acetate Fermentation 2 Acetyl-CoA Pi 2 CoASH 2 Acetyl~P 2 ADP 2 ATP 2 Acetate

  6. versus Fermentation Glucose 2 NAD 2 NADH + 2 H+ 2 ADP 2 ATP 2 Pyruvate 2 CoASH + 2 NAD 2 CO2 + 2 NADH + 2 H+ 2 Acetyl-CoA 2 CoASH 2 ADP 2 ATP 2 Acetate < 4 ATP Respiration Glucose 2 NAD 6 ATP +2 NAD 2 NADH + 2 H+ 2 ADP 2 ATP 2 Pyruvate 2 CoASH + 2 NAD 6 ATP +2 NAD 2 CO2 + 2 NADH + 2 H+ 2 Acetyl-CoA 2 CoASH 18 ATP +6 NAD 6 NADH + 6 H+ 4 ATP +2 FAD 2 FADH2 + 2 H+ 2 ATP 38 ATP

  7. 2 NADH + 2 H+ 2 NAD 2 ATP 2 Lactate 2 CoASH + 2 NAD 2 CO2 + 2 NADH + 2 H+ 2 NADH + 2 H+ 2 NAD + 2 CoASH 2 ATP 2 NADH + 2H+ 2 NAD 2 Ethanol To recycle NAD sacrifice energy (ATP) Glucose 2 NAD 2 NADH + 2 H+ 2 ADP 2 ATP 2 Pyruvate 2 Acetyl-CoA 2 Pi 2 CoASH 4 ATP 2 ADP 2 ATP 2 Acetate

  8. NADH + H+ NAD Lactate CoASH + NAD CO2 + NADH + H+ Acetyl-CoA Pi CoASH 3 ATP ADP ATP Acetate To recycle NAD sacrifice energy (ATP) Glucose 2 NAD 2 NADH + 2 H+ 2 ADP 2 ATP 2 Pyruvate

  9. Glucuronic acid Glucose Glucitol oxidized reduced To generate ATP or to recycle NAD Redox state of the carbon source matters

  10. NADH + H+ NADH + H+ NAD NAD Glucuronic acid Highly oxidized Glucitol Highly reduced Acetyl-CoA Pi NADH + H+ CoASH NAD + CoASH ADP NADH + H+ ATP NAD Ethanol Acetate To generate ATP or to recycle NAD Redox state of the carbon source matters

  11. Getting Glucose In Phosphosugar Transferase System PTS Glucose CM EIIC P P EIIB EIIA HPr EI PEP P P Glucose-6-P EIIB EIIA HPr EI Pyr

  12. pyruvate PTS CoASH + NAD PDHC CO2 + NADH + H+ Acetyl-CoA Glycolysis + PTS Glucose ATP ADP 2 T3P 2 NAD GAPDH 2 NADH + 2 H+ 2 ADP 2 ATP 2 PEP ADP ATP Pyruvate

  13. Low glucose Sufficient oxygen High glucose Sufficient oxygen Glucose Glucose 2 NAD 2 NAD 6 ATP +2 NAD 2 NADH + 2 H+ 2 NADH + 2 H+ 2 ADP 2 ADP NADH + H+ NAD 2 ATP 2 ATP 2 Pyruvate 2 Pyruvate Lactate CoASH + NAD 2 CoASH + 2 NAD 6 ATP +2 NAD CO2 + NADH + H+ 2 CO2 + 2 NADH + 2 H+ Acetyl-CoA 2 Acetyl-CoA CoASH 2 CoASH ADP ATP 18 ATP +6 NAD 6 NADH + 6 H+ 4 ATP +2 FAD 2 FADH2 + 2 H+ Acetate 2 ATP 38 ATP Consequences of the PTS Aerobic fermentation Bacterial Crabtree Effect Overflow metabolism Mixed acid fermentation

  14. Consequences of the PTS mechanism Glucose CM EIIC P P EIIB EIIA HPr EI PEP P P Glucose-6-P EIIB EIIA HPr EI Pyr 6 NADH + 6 H+ 2 FADH2 + 2 H+ 2 ATP

  15. Lactose Inducer exclusion ATP cAMP CRP lac AC More consequences of the PTS Glucose CM EIIC P P EIIB EIIA HPr EI PEP P P Glucose-6-P EIIB EIIA HPr EI Pyr CM

  16. PTA RR Cellular Processes ACK RR~P Signaling by Acetate Fermentation Acetyl-CoA Pi CoASH Acetyl~P ADP ATP Acetate

  17. RcsB RcsB~P Signaling by Acetate Fermentation An example Acetyl-CoA Pi CoASH Acetyl~P Capsule ADP ATP Acetate Flagella Acetyl~P helps regulate the transition from free-swimming individual = planktonic to sessile community = biofilms

  18. NtrC NtrC~P Liao glnAp2 Signaling by Acetate Fermentation Another example Acetyl-CoA Pi CoASH Acetyl~P ADP ATP Acetate Acetyl~P helps regulate the transition from free-swimming individual = planktonic to sessile community = biofilms

  19. Pi AMP ACS CoASH CoASH Acetyl-AMP ADP PPi ACS ATP ATP Acetate Switch Glucose 2 NAD 2 NADH + 2 H+ 2 ADP 2 ATP Pyruvate CoASH + NAD CO2 + NADH + H+ Acetyl-CoA Acetyl~P Acetate ACS = acetyl-CoA synthetase

  20. NADH TCA MDH NAD+ GAPDH glc NAD+ NADH NAD+ NADH CobB Ac ~ Acs PAT Inactive CobB = Sir2 Acs activity depends on NAD Acetyl-CoA AMP Acs CoASH Ac~AMP PPi Acs ATP Acetate Must regenerate NAD – How?

  21. Regenerating NAD GAPDH glc Pyr Acetyl-CoA NAD+ NADH LDH Lactate

  22. NADH TCA MDH crabtree NAD+ GAPDH glc T3P Acetyl-CoA AMP NAD+ NADH LDH Acs AMP Acs CoASH Lactate CoASH Ac~AMP Pta-AckA pathway Ac~AMP NAD+ NADH PPi CobB Ac ~ PPi Acs Acs Acs PAT ATP ATP Ace Inactive ADP ATP The Whole Shebang

More Related