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Morteza Mozaffari Soil Testing and Research Laboratory, Marianna

Immediate and Residual Effects of Urea and Pelleted Poultry Manure on Corn and Soil in Arkansas. Morteza Mozaffari Soil Testing and Research Laboratory, Marianna. 600,000 acres. Mississippi River Delta Region of Arkansas (MRDRA). Pelleted Poultry Litter (PPL) 3 - 4 - 3. $135/ton.

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Morteza Mozaffari Soil Testing and Research Laboratory, Marianna

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  1. Immediate and Residual Effects of Urea and Pelleted Poultry Manure on Corn and Soil in Arkansas Morteza MozaffariSoil Testing and Research Laboratory, Marianna

  2. 600,000 acres Mississippi River Delta Region of Arkansas (MRDRA)

  3. Pelleted Poultry Litter (PPL) 3 - 4 - 3 $135/ton

  4. Objectives Evaluate the immediate and residual effect of urea and PPL on: • Corn grain yield • Corn leaf N • N recovery by corn grain • Mehlich-3 extractable P and K

  5. Research Protocol • Duration: 3 yrs (2005-2007) • 2004 crop: corn • Soil: Loring silt loam (Oxyaquic Fragiudalfs) • Experimental design: RCB with four replications • Plot size: 40’ by 12.6’, four rows wide • Standard Zn, S, pest, and irrigation mgmt. • P or K application: None • Corn cultivar: main season RRBt • Planting: 7April to 17 May • Harvest: 28 Aug to 17 Sep Study site

  6. Experimental Treatments

  7. Soil and Plant Sampling and Analysis Protocols • Soil: • Six cores/plot, 0-6” • Pre application 05, preplant 07 • Mehlich-3 extractable nutrients, pH, OM, NO3-N • Ear leaf: • 20 leaves/plot at silk stage • Measured total N by Kjeldahl • Corn grain: • Harvested the two center rows with a plot combine • Collected grain sample from each plot at harvest • Measured total N by Kjeldahl

  8. (Grain N uptake for that N rate – Grain N uptake at 0 N) GNR= (Total N applied by that N rate) X (100) Data Analysis • Analysis of Variance: • to evaluate the annual effect of urea and one time application of PPL on soil and plant parameters • sites were analyzed separately • Corn grain N recovery (GNR):

  9. Today’s Talk • Background • Current status • Future plans Results

  10. Interpretative guidelines for nutrient levels in Arkansas (row crops)

  11. Selected soil properties in 0-6” depth (spring 2005) Soil test K and P were above optimum

  12. Effect of urea and residual N from PPL on corn grain yield in 2005 N from urea applied in 2005 N from PPL applied in 2005 Means with the same letter are not statistically different at P =0.1 A A AB B BC BC CD D D Grain yield (bu/acre) E EF F N rate (lb/acre)

  13. N from urea applied in 2006 N from PPL applied in 2005 Effect of urea and residual N from PPL on corn grain yield in 2006 A A B C D E Grain yield (bu/acre) FG EF GH IH I I N rate (lb/acre)

  14. Effect of urea and residual N from PPL on corn grain yield in 2007 A A B B C D EF E Grain yield (bu/acre) G FG FG H N from urea applied in 2007 N from PPL applied in 2005 N rate (lb/acre)

  15. Effect of urea and PPL on leaf N MSD 0.1=0.3 Leaf N (%) Urea applied in 2006 PPL applied in 2005 MSD0.1=0.3 Urea applied in 2007 PPL applied in 2005 N rate (lb/acre)

  16. Grain N recovery from urea and PPL 2006 GNR (%) 2007 Urea PPL applied in 2005 2005 N rate (lb/acre)

  17. Effect of cropping and residual P from PPL on soil test P in the 0-6” depth in spring 2007 Mehlich-3 P (ppm) B A C C DC DCE DCE DE DE DE E E Optimum soil test P Urea applied in 2006 PPL applied in 2005 N rate (lb/acre)

  18. Urea PPL Control 260 220 180 140 100 0 50 80 100 150 200 250 300 160 240 320 400 Effect of cropping and residual K from PPL on M-3 K in the 0-6” depth (spring 2007) Mehlich-3 K (ppm) A BA BC BC BCD ECD DE E DE DE E E Optimum soil test K Annual urea rate PPL, 2005 only N applied from each source (lb/acre)

  19. Conclusions • 400 lb N/acre from PPL did not produce yield significantly > • 200 lb N/acre from urea in yr 1 • 50 lb N acre from urea in yrs 2 and 3 • In the 2nd and 3rd year: • ear leaf N concentration in plants from zero N plots, PPL treated plots, and low urea plots were not significantly different • Grain N recovery from PPL • yr 1: 14-29% • yr 2: 4-6% • yr 3: 2.5-5% • PPL application elevated M-3 extractable P and K

  20. Questions?

  21. A A A B B B B B B B B B Effect of urea and residual N from PPL on N concentration in corn stover in 2006 Stover N (g/kg) Urea 2006 PPL 2005 only N applied from each source (lb/acre)

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