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Spray Drift – What causes it and how to avoid it

Spray Drift – What causes it and how to avoid it. Pesticide Applicator Certification For: Professional Development Solutions. Tom Wolf AgriMetrix Research and Training Saskatoon, SK a grimetrix@gmail.com @ Nozzle_Guy. Drift – The Ambassador of Spraying. Application Goals.

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Spray Drift – What causes it and how to avoid it

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  1. SprayDrift – What causes it and how to avoid it Pesticide Applicator Certification For: Professional Development Solutions Tom Wolf AgriMetrix Research and Training Saskatoon, SK agrimetrix@gmail.com @Nozzle_Guy

  2. Drift – The Ambassador of Spraying

  3. Application Goals 3 Es of Pesticide Application • Effective • Efficient • Environmental Norman Morgan

  4. Spray Drift Airborne movement of droplets or vapours from the treated area Droplet drift usually occurs within minutes of the application, vapour drift can occur minutes or days after application

  5. On-Swath Deposit Low boomSlow speed High boomFast speed

  6. 100% 1.7% 2 m 5 m 5-120 m 1 m Drift Spray Accountancy 82% 5% 0.3% 1% 10% On Target Off Target

  7. The Size of the Problem 45 M kg x 80% sprayed x 1.7% airborne loss = 612,000 kg

  8. Drift Patterns

  9. Deposit Patterns

  10. Drift Causes

  11. Factors Involved in Spray Drift Wind speed Atmospheric turbulence - thermal - mechanical Droplet size Droplet velocity - sprayer type - pressure Initial size - sprayer type - nozzle type, size - pressure - formulation Rate of evaporation - temperature - RH Transit time - velocity - boom height Droplet drift

  12. What Causes Drift?

  13. Strategy

  14. Areas of unequal pressure create vortices which remove small droplets from the spray cloud

  15. Reducing the Problem • Nozzle selection • Sprayer settings Focus is droplet size and boom height

  16. Drift Potential Nozzle Flow Fan Spray 50 Type Rate Angle Pressure 40 30 Drift Potential 20 10 0 8003 8006 8003 80015 11003 20 psi 40 psi 75 psi SR8003 ER8003 DR8003

  17. Droplet Size Distributions

  18. Spray Quality

  19. Field Tests

  20. Flexi-Coil Field Sprayer Application volume = 100 L/ha Travel speed = 13 km/h XR8003, 40 psi AI110025, 58 psi

  21. Medium

  22. VeryCoarse

  23. Gregson High-Clearance Sprayer Application volume = 100 L/ha Travel speed = 22.5 km/h AI11004, 64 psi TT11005, 40 psi

  24. Boom Height • Drift potential doubles for higher boom • Use auto boom-height controller

  25. “Auto-Boom”

  26. Reduced Spray Pressure? • Conventional flat fans • 20 - 40 psi • Pre-orifice • 30 - 50 psi • Air-Induced • 40 – 60 psi (low-pressure type) • 60 – 80 psi (high pressure type) • Ensure that patterns are optimal

  27. Droplet Velocity (Energy)

  28. Droplet Velocity Distributions

  29. Principle of HARDI TWIN air assistance

  30. Air Off Air On

  31. Drift- at various wind speeds(data from Hardi)

  32. Little Drift Lots of Drift

  33. Models and Regulations Courtesy of Paul Miller, SRI

  34. New Buffer Zone Label Language Untreated (Buffer Zone) 20 m Conventional application untreated 15 m Low-drift application untreated 5 m Very low-drift application

  35. “Do not apply with spray droplets smaller than ASAE medium classification” “…When using a shroud, BZ can be reduced by 70%...”

  36. Buffer Zone Calculator

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