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Examining deviant behavior, unintended actions, and subversion in virtual game cultures. Explores governance in MMOGs, consumer approaches, and code of conduct challenges. Discusses the clash between gamers and developers, authority, authorship, and consumer interpretation, using examples like the Barbie Liberation Organization. 8 Relevant
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Subversive consumers Misbehaving in virtual worlds Oral Exam in Computer Game Culture IT University of Copenhagen June 18, 2004
Governance in MMOGs… • The problem: • Deviant behavior • Misbehavior • Unintended behavior • Premise: • Code of conduct • Value system • Intended behavior Breaking the rules, or what?
Yesterday I bought a carrot in RL… Possible uses: • Eat it • Feed it to my pet • Bake a cake I am free to use (and even abuse) the carrot.
Yesterday I bought a carrot in SL… ”No go, Mr. We can’t allow that in here. You’re banned…” ”But it’s my carrot – I bought it.” ”I bake the cake – you eat it” DEVELOPER (producer) – GAMER (consumer)
Handing over virtual worlds… • Images / Symbolic assets • Meaning • Authorship • Intention • Value system • Code of conduct • Set of values • Rules of behavior Making room for interpretation. ”I didn’t buy what you sold me…”
Ceci n’est pas une carotte… In the world of signs…
Consumer approaches… • Passive • mindless • uncritical • just eating the carrot • Active • reflective • critical • creative • interpreting
What’s in a subscription? • Handing over ownership • ’materiality’ • possession • material property • Handing over control? • intention • authorship • meaning • intellectual property
Subversive consuming The openness of interpretation: • Counter intentional behavior • Undermining authorship • Breaking the code of conduct • (Mis)interpretation • Sabotage • Subverting the value system
Barbie Liberation Organization • Method: Switching the voice boxes of 300 Barbie and G.I. Joe dolls and handing it back to the stores, who would resell them • Outcome: Barbie dolls going ”Dead men tell no lies!” and G.I. Joes saying ”Want to go shopping?” Subverting the value system of the corporations!
Subversive gamers? Do we have examples? • Velvet Strike CS Ballet