Exams Back [with a significant point adjustment]

1. Check grading as always Two exams without names – please see me if you do not receive yours back in your mailbox! Keys on Blackboard Exam Statistics Distribution of Grades A 30 B 26 C 23 D 20 F 19 Range of scores 42-100 Exams Back[with a significant point adjustment]

2. Important Announcement • Make-up exams – Friday, 12 December • 3:00-5:30 in Jenks 406 • If you have missed an exam, this will be the day to retake it. It will be in essay format. • If you wish to re-take any exam on which you have not earned the grade you would like, you may do so on reading day. You must let me know via e-mail by the end of this week (5 December) if you wish to take advantage of this option. • In order to study for these exams, please use the study questions posted on Blackboard.

3. O Come, O Come Immanuel, • And ransom captive Israel, • That mourns in lonely exile here • Until the Son of God appear. • Rejoice, rejoice; • Immanuel shall come to thee, O Israel.

4. O Come, Thou Rod of Jesse, free • Thine own from Satan’s tyranny • From depths of hell Thy people save, • And give them victory o’er the grave. • Rejoice, rejoice • Immanuel shall come to Thee, O Israel.

5. O Come, Thou Key of David, come • And open wide our heavenly home; • Make safe the way that leads on high, • And close the path to misery. • Rejoice, rejoice; • Immanuel shall come to thee, O Israel.

6. Prophets of the South: The Destruction of Jerusalem

7. Review Questions • What “super-power” was the major threat during the prophetic ministries of Isaiah and Micah? • For which good king did Isaiah serve as “advisor”? • Which king initiated a reform during which the Torah was found? • Approximately how many years passed between that event and the fall of Jerusalem to the Babylonians?

8. Jeremiah“Let the one who has my word speak it faithfully” (23:28)

9. The Political Circumstances(Jer 1:2-3) • From the 13th year of Josiah (627) to the 11th year of Zedekiah (586) – oracles not in chronological order • Jehoahaz • Jehoiakim • Jehoiachin • Babylonians under Nebuchadnezzar were in control of Judah – Jer 34:6-7 – only Lachish and Azekah left • Israelites were deported to Babylon in 605 and 597 prior to Temple’s destruction (586) – this is why Jeremiah wrote to people already in Babylon • Egypt was a tempting alternative for some – Jer 42-44 on the flight of the remaining people to Egypt

10. Exile to Babylon

11. Jeremiah’s Difficult Calling • The initial calling as son of Hilkiah (1:1) • Called before he was born (1:5) • Called to stand in opposition to the Religious Establishment (1:17-19) • Continued opposition: • From kings (32:3 – Zedekiah; 36:1-32 – Jehoiakim) • From false prophets and priests (20:1-6 – Pashur; 23:9-40; 28:1-17 - Hananiah) • From the people (11:18-22 – plot to kill him) • Jeremiah’s feelings about his ministry: grief and dismay (4:18-22); despair (20:7-18); apparently ineffective ministry for 23 years (25:3)

12. The Imagery in Jeremiah’s Messages • Linen belt (ch 13) – symbolizing binding the people of Israel to God • Potter’s house (ch 18) • Breaking a jar in Hinnom Valley (ch 19) • Basket of figs (ch 24) – the good figs were those who had gone to Babylon with Jehoiachin; the bad ones were the ones remaining under Zedekiah • Wearing a yoke (ch 27) – symbolizing subservience to Nebuchadnezzar of Judah and all the surrounding peoples

13. The Content of Jeremiah’s Messages • The disobedience of generation after generation would bring the curses of the covenant (Lev 26) • Exile and judgment • Captivity in Babylon for 70 years (25:11) • The cup of God’s wrath (25:15-17; see also Jer 13:13; 49:12; 51:7; Isaiah 52:17-23; Ezekiel 23:32-34; Psalm 60:3; and the seven bowls of God’s wrath – Revelation 16-17) • Promises • Return from exile and restoration (29:10-14) • New covenant (ch 31 quoted in Hebrews 8)

14. Additional Information about Jeremiah • Baruch was Jeremiah’s scribe • Jeremiah’s words contain prophecies for other nations (chs 46-51) • Lamentations was ascribed to Jeremiah • Chapters 1-4 are acrostics • Chapter 5 is not – representing complete absence of order • Note 3:21-26

15. Habakkuk • Literary forms in the book • Questions (complaint) of the prophet and answers from God • “How can evil go on unchecked?” • God will raise up the Babylonians! • “How can God use a nation so vile?” • The wicked will not last. Evil is self-destructive but the righteous must live in faithfulness (note Galatians 3:11) • Psalm of God’s appearing in judgment (3:1-16) and the prophet’s faith (3:17-19) • Lessons

16. Obadiah • Background and date • probably around the time of the fall of Jerusalem • Parallels with Jeremiah 49:9 • Messages • Doom on Edom • Day of the Lord for all nations • Restoration for Israel

17. “Clefts of the rock” (Sela)

18. Zephaniah • Background – descendant of Hezekiah; during time of Josiah • Messages • Comprehensive destruction on the Day of the Lord in conjunction with specific condemnation of Judah and Jerusalem • Condemnation of surrounding nations • Restoration