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Organic Reactions

Organic Reactions. Page 696 in Text Page 10:41 in Regents Review Book. Substitution. Definition: replacement of one kid of atom or group by another kind of atom or group in alkanes only Example:. Addition.

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Organic Reactions

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  1. Organic Reactions Page 696 in Text Page 10:41 in Regents Review Book

  2. Substitution • Definition: replacement of one kid of atom or group by another kind of atom or group in alkanes only • Example:

  3. Addition • Definition: Adding one or more atoms at a double or triple bond in alkenes and alkynes but not in alkanes because there are no multiple bonds • Example:

  4. Fermentation • Glucose is broken down into ethanol and carbon dioxide by enzymes C6H12O6 → C2H5OH + CO2 Glucose Ethanol Carbon Dioxide

  5. Esterification • The reaction between an acid and an alcohol produce and ester and water Example: ethanoic acid + methanol → methyl ethanoate + water

  6. Saponification • The reverse of esterification • Esters break into acid and alcohol • Produces soap Fat + Strong Base → soap + glycerol Salt of an acid Alcohol

  7. Combustion • Burning a hydrocarbon in the presence of oxygen • Produces CO2 + H2O

  8. Polymerization • Smaller molecules (monomers) join together to form a larger molecule (polymers) • Condensation Polymerization – dehydration (remove water) to form a polymer • Naturally occuring polymers include starch, protein and cellulose. http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.uwsp.edu/chemistry/tzamis/petpolymeranimate.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.uwsp.edu/chemistry/tzamis/condensationpolymer.html&h=144&w=767&sz=45&hl=en&start=3&um=1&tbnid=ICrvq9jBZmRwJM:&tbnh=27&tbnw=142&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dcondensation%2Bpolymerization%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26rls%3Dcom.microsoft:en-us%26sa%3DN

  9. Polymerization • Addition Polymerization • Monomers joining together by breaking a double or triple bond to form a polymer Ethene breaking bonds to form polyethylene

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