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Understanding Organic Reactions: Saturated and Unsaturated Compounds

This overview details the properties and reactions of organic compounds, focusing on saturated and unsaturated types. Saturated compounds contain only single bonds between carbon atoms while unsaturated compounds have double or triple bonds, allowing for additional hydrogen atoms. The document also covers key reaction types: substitution reactions, where hydrogen is replaced by halogens; addition reactions, which form single products from two reactants; and polymerization, which combines small molecules into larger structures. Understanding these reactions is crucial for applications in organic chemistry.

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Understanding Organic Reactions: Saturated and Unsaturated Compounds

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  1. Chemical reactions involving organic compounds Organic Reactions

  2. Saturated Organic Compounds: • Have only single bonds between carbons. • Compound has all the hydrogens possible.

  3. Unsaturated Organic Compounds: • Have double or triple bonds. Can hold 2 more hydrogen Can hold 4 more hydrogen

  4. Substitution Reaction: *Replacement of a hydrogen. *2 reactants  2 products Cl C C + Cl2 C C + HCl Halogen Saturated Halogenation – reaction with a halogen

  5. Addition Reaction: *2 reactants  1 product Cl Cl C = C + Cl2  C C Hydrogenation: reaction with hydrogen. (oil to fat)

  6. Learning Check: Draw products, name and classify the reaction. C C – C – C + Br2 C CC + I2

  7. Polymerization: *Making large molecules out of small ones. *Have a repeating structure.

  8. Condensation Polymerization: Reaction forms liquid water Process makes dacron and nylon

  9. Addition Polymerization: Many little ones Big one

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