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Workshop on Climatic Analysis and Mapping for Agriculture

WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION. INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE METEOROLOGIA E HIDROLOGIA - INAMHI. Workshop on Climatic Analysis and Mapping for Agriculture. Bologna – Italy 14 – 16 June, 2005. Manuel Carvajal Ecuador. Geographical Location. Northwest of South America Equator Line

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Workshop on Climatic Analysis and Mapping for Agriculture

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  1. WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE METEOROLOGIA E HIDROLOGIA - INAMHI Workshop on Climatic Analysis and Mapping for Agriculture Bologna – Italy 14 – 16 June, 2005 Manuel Carvajal Ecuador

  2. Geographical Location • Northwest of South America • Equator Line • Between Colombia and Peru, East of the Pacific Ocean

  3. Geographical Location

  4. Continental Topographical Conditions • Elevation from 0 to 6310 m.a.s.l. • Three Natural regions • A) Coastal • Mostly Plain • B) Highland • “Andes Cordillera” • C) Amazon • Plain • Rain forest A C B

  5. Climatic classificationby Thornthwaite ETo Main factor • Water Balance P = ET + ▲HS + I + E  Where: P = rainfall ( irrigation if it is done) ET = evapotranspiration ▲HS = Variation of water soil storage I = deep soil infiltration E = runoff • Hydric Index (lm) • Im = 100 E – 60 D • ETo • Where:  • E = Humidity excess/annual • D= Humidity deficit/annual

  6. Seasonal Humidity Variation With 2 components Aridity Index (Ia) = 100D/ ETP Humidity Index (Ih) = 100E/ ETP “Climatic Type” by Thornthwaite • Thermal Efficiency Index • On function of yearly ETP (mm) • Less than 142 to more than 1140 • Thermal Efficiency Concentration (TEC) • TEC = ETP summer months x 1000ETP annual

  7. Highly Humid (Tropical rain forest) Humid (Tropical monsoon) Sub humid (Tropical grassland) Arid Temperate humid Temperate dry Humid high barren plain “Climatic Type” by Thornthwaite 7 2 1 6 3 4 5

  8. Crop Information Common Name: Banana Scientific Name: Musa paradisiaca Vegetative Cycle (months):12 Elevation (m.a.s.l.):Max. 1500 Min. 5 Opt. 150 Rainfall (mm): 500 to 1200 annual Temperature (°C): Max. 32 Min. 15 Opt. 22 to 26 Sunshine (sun hours):1200 annual m.a.s.l = meters above sea level; Max = maximum; Min= minimum; Opt = Optimum

  9. Crop Information Common Name: Roses & Carnation Scientific Name: Vegetative Cycle (months):12 Elevation (m.a.s.l.):Max. 2000 Min. 2800 Opt. 2400 Rainfall (mm): 1000 Temperature (°C): Max. 25 Min. 10 Opt. 13 to 21 Sunshine (sun hours):1200 - 1400 m.a.s.l = meter above sea level; Max = maximum; Min; minimum; Opt = Optimum

  10. Crop Information Common name: cassava Scientific name: Manihot utilissima Vegetative cycle (months): 9 Elevation (m.A.S.L.):Max. 2500 min. 200 opt. 500 Rainfall (mm):1200 Temperature (°C): max. 32 min. 15 opt. 20 to 26 Sunshine (sun hours):1500 M.A.S.L = meter above sea level; Max = maximum; Min; Minimum; Opt = optimum

  11. Questions • Elevation (m.a.s.l.) and temperature has direct relation • Is temperature range and sunshine the main factors? Because from our point of view: • Rainfall rarely be in amount enough to satisfy water crop necessities, so rainfall is something like a guide but not a constraint parameter?

  12. Questions • Humidity has relationship with rainfall and temperature, is necessary to agroclimatic classification? • Soil variability is not a constraint, because it could be improved. • What do you think about agroclimatic classification by Bagnolus – Gaussen or Koppen?

  13. Questions Italian Scientifics…. is Pavari or Pignatti a methods than can be applied to our particular conditions? • THEN…. Please answer the questions and help us to make a good work in agroclimatic mapping

  14. INAMHI www.inamhi.gov.ec AGROMETEOROLOGY agromet@inamhi.gov.ec carvajal@inamhi.gov.ec Iñaquito N14-36 y corea Quito - Ecuador Telefax: (593-2) 224 1874 / 224 8268 Thanks

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