Friedrich Engels, the eldest son of a successful German industrialist

1. 2. From your study of the site and other evidence, how convincing is the interpretation of the site you have been provided with? (12 marks) Source D He (the owner) accompanies you to his factory in the country: He leads you through a superb building (and) he calls your attention to the lofty airy rooms, the fine machinery, here and there healthy looking operatives. He gives you an excellent lunch (but) the presence of the employer keeps you from asking indiscreet questions; you find everyone well-paid, comfortable, you begin to be converted from your exaggerated ideas of misery and starvation. But that the system makes slaves of the operatives, that the people hate the manufacturer, this they do not point out because he is present – He dismisses his employees if they read Chartist or Socialist papers, this is all concealed from you. Taken from Frederick Engels, ‘The Condition of the Working Class’, 1845. Engels was a writer and campaigner for the rights of the labouring classes.

2. Friedrich Engels, the eldest son of a successful German industrialist • Born in Barmen on 28th November 1820. • As a young man his father sent him to England to help manage his cotton-factory in Manchester. • Engels was shocked by the poverty in the city and began writing an account that was published as Condition of the Working Class (1844), to campaign for the rights of the working classes • Communist so dislike Capitalism – think we should not have classes.

3. The candidate shows some of the following skills: the ability to draw simple conclusions about the validity of the interpretation supported by their own research or knowledge; the ability to make supported inferences; the ability to identify fact and opinion. Where relevant to an understanding and explanation of the interpretation, candidates may consider how the interpretation came about and/or might explain in simple terms why the interpretation provided may not be the only one that can be supported. Level 2: Simple Understanding

4. The candidate shows an understanding of the issues involved in evaluating and using an interpretation through explanation in some depth, based on their own research or knowledge. Where relevant to an understanding and explanation of the interpretation candidates may show an understanding of aspects of the following: the provenance and purpose of the interpretation, evidence supporting or contradicting it and alternative interpretations. Level 3: Developed Understanding

5. Answers here will arise from the developed understanding in Level 3. Candidates will show a complex understanding of the interpretation by perhaps linking ideas, making connections or establishing patterns between relevant factors/issues. At this level candidates will often apply their own knowledge and/or demonstrate some original thinking to test the interpretation in context. Level 4: Complex Understanding