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Physiographic Regions

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  1. Physiographic Regions

  2. Physiographic Regions ofSouth America

  3. EASTERN HIGHLANDS CENTRAL LOWLANDS EASTERN HIGHLANDS WESTERN ALPINE SYSTEM EASTERN HIGHLANDS

  4. Eastern Highlands(cores of Gondwana shield) • Brazilian Highlands • Guiana Highlands • Patagonian Highlands Striking similarity to geology and fauna in shields in Africa, Australia, India 340-280 mya: ice sheet S. America, Africa, Madagascar

  5. Divisions of Brazilian Highlands:uplands (2000-3000 ft) 1.Brazilian Highlands 2.Sertão • Paraná Plateau 3.Mato Grosso plateau • Pantanál 4.Serro do Mar (Great Escarpment)

  6. EASTERN HIGHLANDS CENTRAL LOWLANDS MATO GROSSO PLATEAU WESTERN ALPINE SYSTEM SERTÃO SERRO DO MAR PARANÁ PLATEAU EASTERN HIGHLANDS

  7. Brazilian Highlands

  8. Mineral resources: iron ore, diamonds, gold, manganese, tungsten

  9. Sertão • semiarid • eroded

  10. Paraná Plateaulava plateau; more humid Iguaçu River flows over edge of plateau

  11. capivara

  12. Mato Grosso Plateau • Upland, rolling hills, mountains, plateaus • Tributaries of Amazon • Industrial ores • Western frontier (Brasilia)

  13. Brasilia

  14. Pantanálwithin more humid part of Mato Grosso region; wetlands

  15. Pantanál

  16. Serro do MarGreat Escarpment (up to 9000 ft)

  17. Cities on narrow coastal plain

  18. Guiana Highlands EASTERN HIGHLANDS CENTRAL LOWLANDS EASTERN HIGHLANDS WESTERN ALPINE SYSTEM EASTERN HIGHLANDS

  19. Guiana Highlands • Mining • Agriculture along northern coastal plain • Some erosional remnants remain • Tepuis: flat-topped mountains • Average elevation: 4500 ft. • Some is inaccessible and rugged • Angel Falls (3200 ft. over edge of tepuy) • World’s highest waterfall

  20. Angel Falls

  21. Guianan Cock-of-the-Rock

  22. Patagonian Plateau EASTERN HIGHLANDS CENTRAL LOWLANDS EASTERN HIGHLANDS WESTERN ALPINE SYSTEM EASTERN HIGHLANDS

  23. Patagonian Plateau • Semiarid • Series of plateaus that get progressively higher (reaching 5000 ft. until Patagonian Andes)

  24. Patagonia

  25. Lake Argentino

  26. Central Lowlands EASTERN HIGHLANDS Underlain by marine deposits; from a time when shallow seas extended between Guiana and Brazilian Highlands, before Andes emerged CENTRAL LOWLANDS EASTERN HIGHLANDS WESTERN ALPINE SYSTEM • Much of the lowland region is flooded during rainy season EASTERN HIGHLANDS

  27. Llanos EASTERN HIGHLANDS EASTERN HIGHLANDS Amazon basin WESTERN ALPINE SYSTEM Gran Chaco Pampas EASTERN HIGHLANDS

  28. Llanos • Northern Llanos: flat plains of the Orinoco River • High Llanos: east of Andean foothills • Good soils, agriculture • Low Llanos: savannas; cowboys & cowgirls

  29. Orinoco River

  30. Gran Chaco • Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, Brazil • Lowland alluvial plain • Arid • Cattle ranching • Cotton, peanuts, meat, hides

  31. Pampas • Temperate grassland plain • From southernmost Brazil, across Uruguay, to Colorado River in Argentina • Fertile soils • cattle, sheep (gauchos) • Grain, flax, soy, sunflowers, vegetables

  32. Part of La Plata – Parana Basin

  33. Ombu

  34. Amazon basin(wetlands and Amazon floodplain)

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