1 / 19

Monotheistic Religions in the Roman Empire

Monotheistic Religions in the Roman Empire. Christianity & Judaism. Early History of Christianity. Yahweh. Hagar -- Abraham -- Sarah | | Ishmael Isaac. Founder of the Arab people. Founder of the Hebrews. Islam. Christianity. Judaism.

minor
Download Presentation

Monotheistic Religions in the Roman Empire

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Monotheistic Religions in the Roman Empire Christianity & Judaism

  2. Early History of Christianity

  3. Yahweh Hagar -- Abraham -- Sarah | | Ishmael Isaac Founder of the Arab people Founder of the Hebrews Islam Christianity Judaism

  4. Empire & New “Mystery” Religions What “Mystery” religion is this? • Featured a miracle performing founder • Offered secret knowledge • Promised individual salvation and eternal life • Focused on a savior deity who died and came back to life • In groups ate sacred food and drink • Seventh day was sacred • Founder’s birthday at the end of December Mithraism

  5. Jesus of Nazareth • Born in Roman occupied Palestine • Became a wandering rabbi who taught: • Hebrew scriptures • Moral perfection • “Blessedness” of society’s outcasts • Nonviolence • Executed by Romans

  6. Early Foundations • The 11 Disciples of Jesus spread the Christian faith • Disciple – one who is taught • Apostle – one who is sent • Christian means “little Christ”

  7. Peter the Apostle • First of the Apostles • Traveled to Rome to become the first Bishop. • “The Rock” • “Pope” • Crucified during reign of Nero

  8. Paul the Apostle • A Jewish enemy of the Christians. • Had a vision of Christ • Spent the rest of his life spreading Christ’s teachings. • Enabled anyone to convert to Christianity • Beheaded during Nero’s reign.

  9. Christianity’s Attraction • Eternal life and a relationship with God • Everyone could participate • Encouraged conversion • Sins were forgiven • Judaism presented too many boundaries

  10. Diocletian • "Edict against the Christians“ 303 CE • Scriptures burned • Churches burned • Priests arrested • Christians tortured and killed

  11. How did Christianity survive? • 313 CE – Emperor Constantine converted to Christianity & ended persecution • Edict of Milan • 392 CE – Emperor Theodosius established Christianity as the Roman Empire’s only faith • 1,000 CE, all European states were Christian and the majority of Europeans were Christians

  12. Judaism in the Roman Empire

  13. King Herod • Rebuilt the Holy Temple • Upper class Jews accepted him • Small farmers and commoners did not • He was a foreigner • He used the people’s taxes to pay for his palaces • Zealots – Jewish rebels

  14. Zealots • Viewed Romans as greedy • Awaited the Messiah • Started a mini-guerrilla war • Herod executed Jewish priests and their family members • This turned many others against him

  15. Diaspora • In Greek, the word Diasporameans dispersion or scattering

  16. The First Diaspora • 66 CE – The Jews rebelled against Rome • 70 CE, Romans marched into Jerusalem • Destroyed the Temple complex • Only the west wall remains • Annexed Judea as Roman province • Drove many Jews from Palestine • 72 CE – Battle of Masada

  17. Masada • Zealots fled to Masada • 900 held out against 15,000 Roman soldiers • Mass suicide

  18. The Second Diaspora • 132 CE – Another Jewish revolt • Fighting lasted for three years • At the end, the Jews lost once again • They were forced to leave their homeland • The Jews didn’t return until 1948 when Israel was created

More Related