Movements That Changed The World

1. Movements That Changed The World By: Chase Philpot, Joe Biahomba, Christian Hutchins, James Draper, Devin Cook

2. Romanticism • It was the movement in the arts and literature that originated in the late 18th century, emphasizing inspirationand subjectivity of an individual. • Romantic view that human nature was essentially good and institutions could be changed for the better and inspired the widespread desire for social reform. This painting was painted by Caspar David Friedrich , a 19th-century German Romantic landscape painter, generally considered the most important German artist of his generation.

3. The Second Great Awakening • The second Christian movement that brought Christianity back to the world during the early 19th century. • The movement began around 1790 and gained momentum by 1800. After 1820 membership rose rapidly among Baptist and Methodist congregations whose preachers led the movement. Methodist camp meeting in 1839 during The Great Awakening.

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6. Women in the Antebellum Period • She was moved to the superintendent of women nurses for the union forces. • She petition in 1843 telling the Massachusetts legislatures that the smells in the insane asylum were so bad that people were driven back. • The active involvement of women in a variety of reform movements was a main factor for the rise of feminism during the antebellum period such as Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Blackwell & Dorothea Dix. • Dorothea Dix – she was a formidable teacher/author and physically frail but possessed infinite compassion and will power.

7. Mormons in the Early 19th Century • Thousands of Mormons then moved across Nebraska and across the Rockies in Wyoming and settled south in Salt Lake City, Utah. • Joseph Smith founded the Mormons and developed them in 1827. • They then moved to Ohio and got people to join them religiously. • They then moved to Illinois to escape persecution in Ohio due to the Mormons not agreeing in slavery. • When they arrived in Illinois an anti-Mormon group murdered the leader, Joseph Smith.

8. Transcendentalism • Central Figures – Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau • Transcendentalism is an idealistic philosophical and social movement that developed in New England around 1836 in reaction to rationalism. • Influenced by romanticism, it taught that divinity pervades all nature and humanity, and its members held progressive views on feminism and communal living.

9. Seneca Falls Convention • Goals: • Right to own property and own money • Right to education • Right to own a business • Right to divorce • Right to have a voice • Right to public relations • The document signed in 1848 by 68 women and 32 men proposing the first women's rights convention to be organized by women (Seneca Falls Convention). • The goals of the convention was to endorse women's suffrage.

10. Utopians Reform Communes • Oneida – founded in New York in 1848. practiced free love, birth control, eugenic selection of parents to produce superior offspring. Flourished for 30 years, because its artisans made superior steel traps. • Brook Farm – started in 1841 with about 20 intellectuals committed to transcendentalism. Proposed well until a fire in 1846 lost a large new communal building.

11. Strong Abolitionists and Anti -Slavery reforms • Some examples are the Philadelphia Quakers who founded the world's first antislavery society in 1775. • The abolition movement was one of the most important parts of the period, even more than women's rights. • The abolition movement was the attempt to abolish slavery and was comprised of former slaves and freed African Americans, white Americans, clergy, lay people, politicians and many others.

12. Temperance Movement • Alcoholism spread throughout America causing people to lose their families and loved ones. • The role that women played was to help their husbands and take over public affairs. • This area had been reformed to prevent death and loss of families. anti-alcohol movement group