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Exploring Microscopes and Laboratory Techniques in Biology

Learn about light and electron microscopes, microscope components, biological data analysis, and laboratory techniques used in cell cultures and fractionation. Understand the principles and applications of different microscopes in biological research.

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Exploring Microscopes and Laboratory Techniques in Biology

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  1. Honors Biology Chapter 1 Section 4 SC B-1: Students will demonstrate an understanding of how scientific inquiry & technological design can be used to pose questions, seek answers, & develop solutions Tools &Procedures

  2. Essential Question: • How would you compare & contrast a light microscope & an electron microscope?

  3. Metric System • used by most scientists • based on certain physical standards • scaled on multiples of 10 • used in SI

  4. Common Metric Units

  5. more metric units

  6. Analyzing Biological Data • Data Tables • create a table to record information measured in an experiment • name the table

  7. Biological Data • new field of BIOINFORMATICS • Computers used: • To store data • To make sense of data • To collect data

  8. Microscopes • devices that produce magnified images of structures too small to see with naked eye

  9. Light Microscopes • produce images by focusing visible light rays through a specimen • limitations • < 0.2 µ

  10. Electron Microscope • produce magnified images by focusing beams of electrons on specimen

  11. Compound Light Microscope • up to 1000x magnification • light passes through the specimen • uses 2 lenses • specimen dead or alive (if very small) • specimen may be stained to improve visulaization • Stain entire cell • Stain selected organelles or macromolecules

  12. Parts of a Microscope • Appendix D: Parts& Functions

  13. Electron Microscopes • Can produce images 1000 times more detailed than light microscope

  14. Types of Electron Microscopes • TEMs (Transmission Electron Microscope) • beam of e- goes thru specimen • SEMs (Scanning Electron Microscopes) • beam scan across surface of specimen

  15. comparing Microscopes • cannot use living cells • Very expensive • higher resolution • Specimen could be living • Price not an issue • Size limitations Electron Compound Light

  16. Laboratory Techniques

  17. Cell Cultures • Take small sample of cells & place in petri dish with nutrients & allowed to divide.

  18. Cell Cultures • might use the culture to: • test cell responses under controlled conditions • study interactions between cells • select certain cells for further study

  19. HeLa Cells • Taken from a patient with cervical cancer in 1950’s • Cells are still growing!

  20. Bacterial Cultures • Made whenever something has been tested for infection

  21. Cell Fractionation • Separates cells into parts

  22. Cell Fractionation

  23. Lab Safety Rules • Always follow read through lab completely before starting • Always follow instructions • Ask if you do not understand directions • Always wash your hands at end of lab

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