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Industrialization in the North: Phases, Inventions, and Challenges

Explore the evolution of industry in the North through three phases, key inventions like the sewing machine, impacts on economy, challenges in factory conditions and worker rights, and societal changes. Discover how transportation advancements, communication innovations, and agricultural revolution reshaped the North's economy and society.

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Industrialization in the North: Phases, Inventions, and Challenges

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  1. Chapter 13: Section 1 The North’s Economy

  2. Industrialization • Industry in the North developed in three phases • Phase 1: Manufacturers made products by dividing the tasks involved among workers • Phase 2: Manufacturers built factories to bring specialized workers together. • Phase 3: Factory workers used machinery to perform some of their work.

  3. Sewing Machine • Elias Howe invents it in 1846. • Workers able to produce clothing on a large scale • By 1860, 2/3 of the country’s manufactured goods are made in Northeast

  4. Sea Travel • By 1860, 3000 steamboats are in use. • Clipper Ships are created

  5. Train Travel • Tom Thumb • Peter Cooper invented it • By 1860, almost 31,000 miles of track exist in US • Railroads play important role in settlement and industrialization of the Midwest

  6. Communication • Telegraph invented to help communicate over vast distances. • Invented by Samuel Morse • Can only talk in Morse code on it

  7. Agriculture • Three machines revolutionize agriculture: • Steel-tipped plow • Mechanical Reaper • Thresher

  8. North and Agriculture • Why doesn’t it work out? • Forces the number of workers in factories to rise

  9. Section 2: The North’s People

  10. How were factory conditions

  11. Worker Rights • To improve working conditions and wages, trade unions were formed • In other locations, workers just went on strike

  12. African Americans and Women • Prejudice and discrimination held many African Americans back • Sarah G. Bagley tried to help women in the work place at Lowell.

  13. Population Boom • By 1860, New York City has 800,000 people. • This is due to immigration • Ireland – Potato Famine • Germany – Failed Revolution

  14. Opposition • Some oppose immigration, members were called nativists • Complaints were: • Taking jobs • Working for low wages • Bringing crime • Bringing disease

  15. Political Opposition • Nativists form the American Party • American Party referred to as the Know-Nothing Party • Know-Nothings wanted: • Extend immigrants waiting period for citizenship • Ban them from holding political office

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