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Tulburari ale vederii binoculare

Tulburari ale vederii binoculare. Anatomia muschilor extrinseci ai GO. Miscarile G.O. Vederea Binoculara (V.B.). Def = capacitatea de a elabora o imagine vizuala unica a imaginilor separate percepute de dei 2 ochi. Gradele V.B.

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Tulburari ale vederii binoculare

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  1. Tulburari ale vederii binoculare

  2. Anatomia muschilor extrinseci ai GO

  3. Miscarile G.O.

  4. Vederea Binoculara (V.B.) • Def = capacitatea de a elabora o imagine vizuala unica a imaginilor separate percepute de dei 2 ochi.

  5. Gradele V.B. • Perceptia simultana = posibilitatea de a receptiona concomitent 2 obiecte diferite. • Fuziunea = posibilitatea contopirii a 2 imagini care difera printr-un mic detaliu. • Vederea stereoscopica = perceperea tridimensionala

  6. Conditiile pt V.B.normala • Integritatea anatomica si dioptrica a G.O. • Integritatea ap. motor • Cimpul vizual binocular • Corespondenta retiniana normala (CRN)

  7. Fiziopatologia V.B. • Ortoforia = alinierea perfecta a G.O. • strabism= deviatia ochilor /1 ochi vederea dubla (diplopia)

  8. Strabism diplopie Confuzie Supresie Ambliopia

  9. Tipuri de strabism • Paralitic concomitent (heterotropia) • Neparalitic latent (heteroforia)

  10. Strabismul Paralitic • Def= pareza sau paralizia unuia sau mai multor muschi extrinseci ai G.O. • Etiol : 1. Congenital 2. Dobindit - cond. inflamatorii - stari toxice - b.demielinizante - b. metabolice - lez.vasculare - b. neoplazice - lez.degenerative - lez.traumatic

  11. Simptome • Diplopia – homonima – paralizia abductor heteronima – paralizia adductor • Falsa proiectie • Stare de disconfort

  12. Semne • Deviatia G.O. • Limitarea sau abolirea misc. G. O. • Variabiltatea unghiului de dev, strabica • Pozitia vicioasa a capului

  13. Dg. ≠ strabismul neparalitic • Tratament : 1. etiol. 2. prism. 3. surgery

  14. Strabismul neparalitic • Latent (Heteroforia) • Def = • Cauze – vicii de refractie necorectate (H) • Cl – dureri de cap - durei oculare - cover test + - unghi – mic + intermitent • Tratm. – corectie optica - trat. ortoptic la sinoptofor

  15. B. Heterotropia • Def = deviatie manifesta • Cauze – defecte optice - defecte senzoriale - defecte anatomice & motorii

  16. Clasificare • Directia de deviatie esotropie exotropie • Debut congenital (< 8 luni) debut tardiv (> 2 ani) • Localizarea dev. monolateral bilateral

  17. Cl – AV – egala la cei 2 ochi (deviatie alternanta) - scaderea AV (dev. monolat ) - deviatie constanta - cover test + - motilitatea normala

  18. Esotropia Congenital Debut tardiv Exotropia Exces de Divergenta Insuficienta de Convergenta Tipuri Clinice

  19. Tratament • Corectie Optica • Trat. ambliopiei – ocluzia • Ortoptic • Corectia cu Prisme • chirurgical • Ortoptic postchirurgical

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