Progress Report on IAEA Safety Standards Update

1. Progress Report on IAEA Safety Standards Update Presented to IEEE Nuclear Power Engineering Committee Scottsdale, Arizona January 2011 Gary Johnson g.johnson@iaea.org gljohnson@ieee.org +43 (1) 2600-22671

2. The IAEA statue establishes the agencies standards development function • One function of the IAEA is “to establish or adopt standards of safety … and to provide for the application of these standards, … at the request of a State, to any of that State's activities in the field of atomic energy” • These standards are to be established in consultation and, where appropriate, in collaboration with the competent organs of the United Nations and with the specialized agencies concerned • Agency standards should reflect international consensus about best practice IAEA statute > http://www.iaea.org/About/statute_text.html

3. Requirements “Shall” statements Guides “Should” statements Provide guidance on how to comply with the safety requirements (In our case NS-R-1) General Apply to a range of facilities, activities, or installations Facilities and activities include just about everything that involves ionizing radiation Installations include reactors, and fuel cycle facilities Specific Apply to a specific type of facility or installation IAEA Safety Standards take different forms

4. IAEA Guidance Overview Safety Fundamentals Thematic standards Facilities specific standards Legal and governmental infrastructure Nuclear power plants: design Nuclear power plants: operation Emergency preparedness and response Management systems Research reactors Fuel cycle facilities Assessment and verification Site evaluation Radiation related facilities and activities Radiation protection Waste treatment and disposal facilities Radioactive waste management Decommissioning Remediation of contaminated areas Transport of radioactive material General safety (cross-cutting themes) Safety of nuclear facilities All IAEA safety standards are available at: http://www-ns.iaea.org/standards/ All free! Radiation protection and safety of radiation sources Safe management of radioactive waste Safe transport of radioactive material

5. Use of IAEA Safety Guides • Basis for IAEA design reviews, regardless of the national regulations • Some member states use IAEA standards as regulations • Some member states use IAEA requirements into their regulations but treat safety guides as recommendations • Some member states use IAEA requirements and safety guides as references in development of regulations or national standards. Some member states do not use IAEA safety guides at all • IEC uses NS-G-1.3 as the source of elementary guidelines for I&C systems important to safety. • IEC standards provide further guidance on implementing these principles. • NS-G-1.3 is unique in this regard

6. NS-R-1: “Safety of NPPs – Design” is the top IAEA design requirements document • Not legally binding • Adopted as regulation in some states • Influenced regulations in other states • Not intentionally LWR specific • Responds to safety fundamentals • Prepared by engineers - little lawyer input • Outside standards are not incorporated • No public comment process • Represent a broad consensus • Other safety standards also relevant at a second order

7. Current safety guidance for nuclear power plant design • Safety of Nuclear Power Plants: Design Safety Requirements NS-R-1 • Software for Computer Based Systems Important to Safety NS-G-1.1 • Safety Assessment and Verification NS-G-1.2 • Instrumentation and Control Systems Important to Safety NS-G-1.3 • Design of Fuel Handling and Storage NS-G-1.4 • External Events Excluding Earthquakes NS-G-1.5 • Seismic Design and Qualification NS-G-1.6 • Protection Against Internal Fires and Explosions NS-G-1.7 • Design of Emergency Power Systems NS-G-1.8 • Design of the Reactor Coolant System and Associated Systems NS-G-1.9 • Design of Reactor Containment Systems NS-G-1.10 • Protection against Internal Hazards other than Fires and NS-G-1.11 • Design of the Reactor Core NS-G-1.12 • Radiation Protection Aspects of Design NS-G-1.13

8. There is plan to restructure IAEA safety guides NS-R-1 Design of Nuclear Power Plants SS-R-1 Design of Nuclear Power Plants Safety Classification NS-G-1.1 Software for Computer Based Systems Important to Safety + Deterministic Safety Analyses NS-G-1.2 Safety Assessment &Verification Design of I&C Systems NS-G-1.3 I&C Systems Important to Safety NS-G-1.4 Fuel handling & storage systems NS-G-1.4 Fuel Handling & Storage Protection against Internal & External Hazards NS-G-1.5 External Events Excluding Earthquakes PSA for Design & Operations NS-G-1.6 Seismic Design & Qualification Auxiliary Systems NS-G-1.7 Protection Against Internal Fires & Explosions Electric Power Systems NS-G-1.8 Design of Emergency Power Systems NS-G-1.8 Reactor Coolant & Associated Systems NS-G-1.9 Design of the RCS & Associated Systems Reactor Containment Systems & Other Buildings NS-G-1.10 Design of Reactor Containment Systems NS-G-1.11 Protection against Internal Hazards except Fires & Explosions NS-G-1.12 Reactor Core NS-G-1.12 Design of the Reactor Core Radiation Protection & Radioactive Waste Management NS-G-1.13 Radiation Protection Aspects of Design + - material from additional documents to be included + Completion scheduled for 2015

9. Detailed plans for IAEA standards are on the web • http://www-ns.iaea.org/standards/ • Click on Our Work:Status of Safety Standards

10. Update of the I&C guide • Incorporate principles from computer systems guide • Make level of detail consistent with other topics • Update to address new topics and new consensus, e.g., • Architecture • CCF • Communications independence • Soft control • Computer security • Industrial qualified devices • HDL devices • Lifecycle process (Overall, individual system, H/W, S/W, HFE, Security) • Coordinate with MDEP Digital I&C Working Group

11. I&C Team (so far) • Mark Bowell, UKNII • John Harber, AECL • Hulbert Li, USNRC • Cam Ngo, Candesco • Huyn-Shin Park, KINS • Bernard Poulet, Areva • Richard Stattel, USNRC • Richard Tate, UKNII • Nguyen Thuy, EDF • Dan Welbourne, Nuclear Electric (retired)

12. Update of the Electrical Guide • Expand scope from emergency power systems to all electrical systems • In other areas guidance needs to be adjusted from safety to important to safety, e.g., • Cable and raceway systems • EMI protection • Sizing and rating • More guidance on protection coordination • Deal with non-safety emergency power • Incorporate lessons learned on grid interaction • Coordinate with NEA studies of Forsmark & Olkiluoto lessons learned

13. Electrical Team (so far) • Lars Fredland, Vattenfall • Ivan-Antonio Giannelli, ENEL • Bernard Givaudan, EDF • Magnus Knutsson, Vattenfall • Tom Koshy, USNRC • Singh Mataru, USNRC • Roy Matthew,USNRC • Oon-Pyo Zhu, KINS

14. Common needs for both guides • Align with: • New requirements document • New guide on safety classification (?) • Requirements and guides for management systems • Improve format and clarity • Avoid conflicts with: • Member State practices • IEEE and IEC standards

15. Plan We are here Iteration 2 15

16. Hopes • Draft of Electrical Guide for wide circulation early this summer • Draft of I&C Guide for wide circulation late fall • If you want to be included in the big review, send me an email • At the moment I have considerably more I&C reviewers than electrical.

17. Research Reactor I&C Guide • Principles common with NPP I&C guide, but: • Lesser hazard • Short cycle • More benign plant environment • Experimental facilities • Users may be professors and students • Exit to NPP guide in some cases, e.g., • Power > a few 10’s MW • Harsh environment • First draft being reviewed by writing group

18. Construction Guide • Covers key processes • Installation • Test and checkout • Embedded processes, e.g., • CM • Equipment receipt, storage, and issue • Interface with design life-cyle is still being determined • May cover fabrication OR may begin after factory door • Third draft in progress • Still trying to find the right level of detail

19. Safety Classification Guide • Proposed a 4 level safety classification scheme • Similar to functional classification of IEC 61226 except that functions for mitigation of severe accidents are put into a lower category. • Reduction to a 3 level scheme is under discussion • Under consideration for approval • A few issues to be resolved

20. Computer Security Guide • In final sign-off and ready to be finalized • Deals with entire plant and development environment • Five level model similar to RG 5.71 • High level guidance

21. We need to do more • Guidelines for I&C characterististics to support computer security • Garching March 16 • Probably future TECDOC • Overall IAEA plan to address computer security • Meeting of member states to discuss needs ~June • Planning meeting for this next month