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THE TSARS

THE TSARS. PRINCES OF MOSCOW. Gained position by being tax collectors for the Mongols Gradually expanded power Rulers began calling themselves “Tsar” - Caesar. IVAN THE TERRIBLE. 1400s . PETER THE GREAT. Part of Romanov Dynasty Tried to modernize and move Russia toward West

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THE TSARS

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  1. THE TSARS

  2. PRINCES OF MOSCOW • Gained position by being tax collectors for the Mongols • Gradually expanded power • Rulers began calling themselves “Tsar” - Caesar

  3. IVAN THE TERRIBLE • 1400s

  4. PETER THE GREAT • Part of Romanov Dynasty • Tried to modernize and move Russia toward West • Built new capital at St. Petersburg • Forced boyars (nobles) to cut off their long beards • Defeated Sweden in war; ended threat

  5. ST. PETERSBURG

  6. CATHERINE THE GREAT • Enlightenend monarch – brought scholars to court • Stabilized Russia • Defeated Poland; added territory

  7. TSARS HELP DEFEAT NAPOLEON - 1812

  8. TSARS OF NINETEENTH CENTURY • AUTOCRATS – ABSOLUTE RULERS • DEFENDERS OF ESTABLISHED ORDER IN EUROPE • EXPANSION INTO EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA BROUGHT RIVALRIES

  9. HOW THEY LIVED

  10. HOW MOST EVERYONE ELSE LIVED

  11. ALEXANDER II • REFORMING TSAR • FREED SERFS • REFORMED JUDICIAL SYSTEM • ESTABLISHED LOCAL ASSEMBLIES

  12. ALEXANDER ASSASSINATED • DISSENTERS SEVERELY PUNISHED • JEWS UNFAIRLY TARGETED – POGROMS AND EMIGRATION

  13. NICHOLAS II – THE LAST TSAR • REACTIONARY AUTOCRAT • QUEEN VICTORIA’S GRANDSON • NOT TRAINED TO RULE

  14. 1905 • LOSES WAR WITH JAPAN • “BLOODY SUNDAY” TROOPS AND COSSACKS MASSACRE PEACEFUL DEMONSTRATORS REVOLUTION FAILS

  15. WORLD WAR I • RUSSIA IS FIRST TO DECLARE WAR • TROOPS NOT PREPARED OR EQUIPPED • WAR GOES BADLY

  16. RASPUTIN • “MAD MONK” GAINS INFLUENCE AT COURT OVER TSARINA

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