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Indonesia Java3 Borobudur2

Borobudur, one of the greatest Buddhist monuments in the world, dating from the 8th and 9th centuries, located in the Kedu Valley, in the southern part of Central Java, Indonesia, is considered as one of the Seven Wonders of the World

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Indonesia Java3 Borobudur2

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  1. Indonesia Java Borobudur 2

  2. The Borobudur Temple Compounds is one of the greatest Buddhist monuments in the world, and was built in the 8th and 9th centuries AD during the reign of the Syailendra Dynasty. The monument located in the Kedu Valley, in the southern part of Central Java, Indonesia, is considered as one of the Seven Wonders of the World

  3. The Borobudur sanctuary is one of the jewels of the world cultural heritage. A vast Mahayana Buddhist monument in the form of a pyramid-shaped mandala, covers an area of almost one and a half hectares, with a central dome almost 35 metres above the base. It was built in three tiers: a pyramidal base with five concentric square terraces, then three circular platforms of 72 openwork stupas and, at the top, a monumental stupa

  4. The approximately 2670 panels form one of the most comprehensive Buddhist narratives in the world, many depicting scenes of daily life in 8th century ancient Java

  5. Borobudur was heavily affected by the eruption of Mount Merapi in October and November 2010. Volcanic ash from Merapi fell on the temple complex, which is approximately 28 km (17.5 mi) west-southwest of the crater

  6. During the strong eruption of 3-5 November for example, a layer of ash up to 2.5 cm (1 in) thick fell onto the temple. This also killed nearby vegetation. 

  7. After circumambulating the teaching corridors with their pictorial reliefs, the pilgrim ascends to the open upper platform that is occupied by 72 buddha statues, enclosed in its own small, pierced, stupa

  8. A main dome, located at the center of the top platform, is surrounded by 72 Buddha statues seated inside a perforated stupa, each displaying dharmachakra mudra

  9. Thus, there are 72 stupas which correspond to the Javanese tradition which says “72 guarded principles in a cage” in Borobudur

  10. The Buddha at the very top, the 72 Buddhas at the level of the circle, they all show the same hand position but are different from the mudra at the lower levels. It is Dharmacakra mudra (law wheel movement)

  11. The number 72 again has numerological significance, being the product of 9x8 = 3x3x2x2x2 = two threes times three twos

  12. Two of these small stupas have been opened for display to modern visitors

  13. Statues that are in the level of a circle placed in a hollow stupa arranged in three levels of concentric circles. The first level of the circle has 32 stupas, the second has 24 stupas, and the third has 16 stupas.

  14. Many scholars believe that this level represents the Buddhist Realm Of Formlessness (i.e. the spiritual world), a higher reality in contrast to the Realm Of Form (i.e. the physical world) that is depicted in the corridor reliefs

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