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Understanding Minerals: Definition, Formation, and Structures

Explore the world of minerals, naturally formed inorganic solids with crystalline structures. Discover how minerals are classified based on their composition and crystal structures. Learn about silicates and nonsilicates, the two main mineral groups on Earth's crust.

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Understanding Minerals: Definition, Formation, and Structures

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  1. What is a Mineral ?

  2. Definition of Mineral • A naturally formed, inorganic solid that has a definite crystalline structure. • Naturally formed - not made by people • Inorganic - made from non - living things • Solid - Definite shape and volume • Crystalline structure - repeated inner structure that helps to shape the mineral

  3. Mineral Formation • All minerals are made from elements. • Most minerals are made from compounds. • A compound is two or more elements that go through a chemical change to make a new substance.

  4. Crystal Structures • Each mineral has a definite crystalline shape or repeating inner pattern of atoms • All minerals can be classified according to their crystal structure

  5. Silicates • Minerals that contain a combination of the elements silicon and oxygen. • Make up 90% of the Earth’s crust • Examples: Quartz, Mica, Feldspar

  6. Nonsilicates • Minerals that do not contain a combination of Silicon and Oxygen. • Often contain elements such as Carbon, Fluorine, Sulfur, and Oxygen • Examples: Copper, Calcite, Fluorite, Corundum, Gypsum, Galena

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