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AFGHANISTAN

AFGHANISTAN. EA Scholarship Candidate Interview Sign-ups Dear ,

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AFGHANISTAN

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  1. AFGHANISTAN EA Scholarship Candidate Interview Sign-ups Dear , Thank you for applying for the SEA Scholarship. An interview with several SEA representatives and executive officers needs to be arranged. The dates for these interviews are set for Tuesday, April 30, Wednesday, May 1st and Thursday, May 2nd. The interviews are conducted in the Library, after school, in 15 minute sessions from 3:45 – 6:00. Please e-mail, fb message or see Mrs. Maruna to schedule a time for your interview. Thank you. SEA Scholarship Committee

  2. AFGHANISTAN (cont.) • The Taliban- Muslim Fundamentalists • 1994 gained strength and power • 1996 seized the capital, Kabul • Declares Afghanistan an Islamic State • Sharia, Islamic law • TV and non-religious music banned • Women forbidden to hold jobs or be educated

  3. AFGHANISTAN (cont.) • Northern Afghanistan • Anti-Taliban (receiving outside help) • Civil war again • Misery and hunger • Targeted by U.S. after September 11, 2001 • Taliban harboring terrorists • Osama bin Laden’s base in Afghanistan • Al Qaeda

  4. AFGHANISTAN (cont.) • Taliban defeated late 2001 • Interim government established • All political groups represented • Hamid Karzai became interim president • He was opposed by many, but in Oct. 2004, he won a U.N.-sponsored presidential election • Afghanistan became a major producer of opium • NATO assisting with security • ISAF – International Security Assistance Force

  5. SYRIA

  6. SYRIA (cont.) • President Assad • Died in 2000 • Son Bashar al-Assad became President • At war with Israel • Six day war-1967 • Lost Golan Heights • 1973, joined Egypt to attack Israel, Yom Kippur War • 1975-dominated Lebanon • Restored order-1991 • May 2004, Bush charged Syria with failure to take action against terrorist groups in Syria • Hezbollah

  7. LEBANON

  8. LEBANON (cont.) • 1943-Independence from France • National Covenant/Consitution • Dictated Leaders based on religion • Christian/Muslim • Became the banking & intellectual center for the Middle East • “Jewel of the Middle East” • 1970’s-PLO Headquarters - Arafat • Israel bombed

  9. LEBANON (cont.) • 1975-Civil War • Syria seized control • 300,000 Palestinian Refugees • Border Issue with Israel • 1990 peace agreement that ended the civil war • 2000 • Israeli troops leave Southern Lebanon • 2005 • Syrian troops leave Lebanon

  10. LEBANON (cont.) • Rafik al-Hariri, a popular prime minister, was killed by a truck bomb in Feb, 2005 • Syria was blamed for the attack • UN investigating the assassination • Fouad Siniora becomes new PM • Backed by the U.S. • Hezbollah gains the majority in Parliament • Terrorist group supported by Iran & Syria • Constitution does not change • Muslim majority v. Christian minority

  11. LEBANON (cont.) • July 2006, Hezbollah/Israeli War • Hezbollah captured two Israeli soldiers • Israel responded with heavy fire on southern Lebanon, attacking suspected Hezbollah bases • Beirut bombed by Israel • A U.N. sponsored cease fire ended the conflict • U.N. charged Israel of using “Cluster Bombs” • Hezbollah demands more political power

  12. JORDAN

  13. JORDAN (cont.) • 1946-Independent • Peace Treaty with Israel - 1994 • King Hussein 1952-1999 • Son Abdulla II becomes president • 1948 • gained control of Jerusalem & West Bank

  14. JORDAN (cont.) • 1967-Six Day War • Lost to Israel • Lost Jerusalem &the West Bank • 700,000 Palestinian Refugees • 1/7 of 5m. Population • Supported Iraq during Persian Gulf War • Lost foreign aid

  15. SAUDI ARABIA

  16. SAUDI ARABIA (cont.) • ¼ of the World’s oil reserves • Long time U.S. Ally • King Abdullah has ruled since 2005 • Ruled by royal family • Most of Saudi Arabia is Sunni Muslim

  17. SAUDI ARABIA (cont.) • Islamic Religious Code-Law • No alcohol • No western entertainment • Women-inferior status • 1948 • Fought with Israel • Aided PLO

  18. SAUDI ARABIA (cont.) • 1973 • Oil Embargo • “World’s most extravagant welfare state” • (1970’s & 80’s) • 1990’s • Tension • Terrorism • 1996 • Truck bomb kills 289 civilians

  19. SAUDI ARABIA (cont.) • Terrorist suicide bombings in 2003-2006 • 52 people killed in 2003 suicide bombing • Another suicide bombing took place outside a police building in 2004 • 2006 a suicide bomb attack was prevented from blowing up Abqiaq oil and gas facility • 911 Terrorists came from Saudi Arabia

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