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Ch. 14- Scientific Revolution

Ch. 14- Scientific Revolution. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zHUWP9zu4W8 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lr_bQs4oXgU. Scientific Revolution. Gradual movement that consisted of a few hundred scientists over a period of many years (1470s-1730s) in different countries

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Ch. 14- Scientific Revolution

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  1. Ch. 14- Scientific Revolution

  2. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zHUWP9zu4W8 • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lr_bQs4oXgU

  3. Scientific Revolution • Gradual movement that consisted of a few hundred scientists over a period of many years (1470s-1730s) in different countries • New Advances (especially in astronomy) captured public attention and allowed movement to gain cultural authority

  4. Nicholas Copernicus • Questioned the Geocentric view of the universe sponsored by Ptolemy • On the Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres • Book written by Copernicus • Argued heliocentric view of the universe

  5. Tycho Brahe (1546-1601) • Made more extensive observations than any previous astronomer. • Advance Heliocentric view

  6. Johannes Kepler 1571-1630 • Brahe’s Assistant • Used Brahe’s research to advance Heliocentric view • The New Astronomy • Planets orbited around the sun in a elliptical fashion

  7. Galileo Galilei 1564-1642 • One of first astronomers to view sky with telescope • Popularized Copernican interpretation of heavens using empirical rationale evidence

  8. Isaac Newton 1642- 1727 • Principia Mathematic (1687) • Proved mathematically that planets and other physical objects moved through mutual attraction, or gravity

  9. Philosophy responds to Science • God as a divine watchmaker: World is perceived in mechanical terms

  10. Francis Bacon • NovumOrganumand The Advancement of Learning • Urged peers to continue search for truth in natural world • Encouraged Further Experimentation

  11. Rene Descartes (1596-1650) • Developed the Scientific Method • Discourse on Method • Argued that all thought should be founded on Mathematical model and rejected any thought not founded on reason

  12. Thomas Hobbes 1588-1679 • Leviathan • People are born naturally evil • Human beings are at war with others and themselves • Rulers should have no limits on Power

  13. John Locke • First Treatise of Government and Second Treatise of Government • People are born good • Government should protect basic rights: Life, Liberty, Property • Social Contract: People should enter into a contract with government to preserve natural rights

  14. New Science and Religious Faith • Galileo- angers church with his interpretation. • Put on trial and sentenced to house arrest for his disobedience • BlaisePascal- French mathematician who saw religion as separate from reason and Science. • Allied himself with Jansenists • Wager- Better to believe and get rewards and instead of not believe and face consequences

  15. English Approach to Science and Religion • Rational God- scientific advancements are apart of god’s plan

  16. Continuing Superstition • From 1400-1700 an estimated 70,000-100,000 people sentenced to death for magic and witchcraft • Cunning Folk- people who possessed “special powers” • Church declares that only priests possess magical abilities. • Those who practiced magic outside the church were inspired by the devil • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X2xlQaimsGg

  17. Women and Scientific Rev • Philosophy: • Margaret Cavendish- significant contributions to the field of Philosophy • Debated with Descartes and Hobbes • First Women invited to Royal Society of London • Observations upon Experimental Philosophy • Grounds of Natural Philosophy

  18. Astronomy • Maria Cunitz- Publishes a book • Maria Winkelmann- discovered a comet in 1702 and not given credit until 1930 • Emilie Du Chatelet- translated Newton’s Principia to french

  19. FRQ • “The Scientific Revolution was not a revolution in Science, but rather was a revolution in thought.” Assess the Validity of this statement.

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