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Aim: What contributions did the Greeks make in philosophy?

Aim: What contributions did the Greeks make in philosophy? . Do Now: What is philosophy? . I. What is philosophy? . Philosophy: An organized system of thought. Comes from the Greek word “love of wisdom.”

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Aim: What contributions did the Greeks make in philosophy?

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  1. Aim: What contributions did the Greeks make in philosophy? • Do Now: • What is philosophy?

  2. I. What is philosophy? • Philosophy: An organized system of thought. Comes from the Greek word “love of wisdom.” • Greek philosophers believed that man has the ability to understand the laws of naturethrough reason.

  3. II. Socrates (469 B.C. – 399 B.C • Believed in the power of the human mind to understand and improve the world. • Created the Socratic Method: • He would ask his students a series of questions (“What is courage?” “What is truth?”) and encourage them to examine and discuss their responses. Why does Socrates believe that this is the best way to teach? Do you agree?

  4. C. Famous Socrates quote: “The unexamined life is not worth living.” What did he mean by this?

  5. III. Death of Socrates • In 399 B.C., Socrates was accused of corrupting the youth of Athens (why would Athens be scared of someone like Socrates?). • Jury found him guilty →forced him to drink a cup of hemlock (poison). What does this show about Athens?

  6. IV. Plato (428 B.C. – 347 B.C.) • Student of Socrates, opened “The Academy” (1st university in history) to continue Socrates search for wisdom

  7. B. Views on Government → Rejected Democracy! Wrote The Republic (his ideal government). 1. Highest group: Philosopher-kings (should be in charge of the government). 2. Middle group: Warriors 3. Lowest group: Ordinary people (were not smart or responsible enough to have any role in the government).

  8. V. Aristotle (384 B.C. – 322 B.C.) • Student of Plato • Believed you should gain knowledge by collecting information, making hypotheses and then testing those hypotheses through observation, experimentation and classifying information (he was building on the ideas of an earlier scientist named Thales).

  9. C. Views on Government → Studied existing governments in his book Politics (did not try to come up with an ideal one). The three he found to be best were: 1. Monarchy 2. Aristocracy 3. Constitutional Democracy

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