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Recognizing and Responding to Heat Emergencies: Prevention and Treatment Guidelines

Heat emergencies, including heat stroke, require immediate attention. Symptoms can include loss of consciousness, confusion, rapid pulse, and fever above 104°F. To prevent heat emergencies, wear loose clothing, rest in the shade, and stay hydrated. Treatment falls into two categories: external cooling methods (like cool compresses and immersion in water) and internal cooling methods (such as saline lavage). Always call 911 if severe symptoms occur. Equip yourself with cold packs and water, as early action can save lives.

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Recognizing and Responding to Heat Emergencies: Prevention and Treatment Guidelines

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  1. Calling 911 • The person loses consciousness at any time. • Other change for example , confusion or seizures. • Fever ( temperature above 104º F) • Signs of Shock • Other symptoms of heat stroke such as : • Rapid pulsed • Rapid breathing

  2. Heat Emergencies Prevention • Wear loose-fitting , light weight clothing in hot weather. • Rest frequently and seek shade when possible. • Avoid exercise during hot or humid weather. • Drink plenty of fluid every day. • Drink more fluid before, during, and after physical activity.

  3. Heat Emergencies Treatment • Heat Emergencies Treatment fall into 2 categories: • External cooling methods. • Internal cooling methods.

  4. External Cooling Methods • Depend on the heat transfer to the skin of the body, and thus the environment. • Conductive Method: • Take the patient to a cool and shady place • Apply cool compresses to the neck, groin, armpits and head • Evaporative-convective method:  • Undressing the sick and sprayed with water at 15 ° C (spray) • Fanned 30 times per minute with hot air • Immersion of the patient in water: •  Surround with ice cubes and sprinkle with salt  • (causing melting and heat absorption).

  5. Internal Cooling Methods • Peritoneal lavage (saline at 20 ° C) • Gastric lavage (with saline to 9 º C) • Hemodialysis or cardiopulmonary bypass (cooling the blood out, and was re-injected to the patient).

  6. Heat Emergencies Equipment • Saline • Cold Packs • Ice • Water

  7. Bibliography • Medlineplus.com • http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000056 • Injuries and Wounds • http://www.colliergov.net/ftp/allhazards/heat%20emergencies.htm • Wikipedia • http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golpe_de_calor

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