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NRS 220 Alterations in Cellular Metabolism

Section 2 Interventions. NRS 220 Alterations in Cellular Metabolism. Interventions Alterations in Cellular Regulation. Nutrition Activity Breathing Fatigue Comfort. Treatment Options Alterations in Cellular Regulation. Surgery Complimentary therapies Alternative therapies

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NRS 220 Alterations in Cellular Metabolism

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  1. Section 2 Interventions NRS 220Alterations in Cellular Metabolism

  2. Interventions Alterations in Cellular Regulation • Nutrition • Activity • Breathing • Fatigue • Comfort

  3. Treatment Options Alterations in Cellular Regulation Surgery Complimentary therapies Alternative therapies Transplant e.g. stem cell Palliative Care Photodynamic therapy Gene therapy • Chemotherapy • Radiation • Biologic Therapies • Hormonal Manipulation • Antianemic • Blood transfusion

  4. Surgery • Prophylactic • Diagnostic • Curative • Palliative • What are the differences?

  5. Radiation Therapy • Purpose is to destroy cancer cells with minimal exposure of normal cells • Local treatment • Amount of radiation is called exposure • Amount of radiation absorbed is called radiation dose

  6. Radiation

  7. Chemotherapy • Chemotherapy-used to cure and to increase survival time • Cytotoxic • Combination therapy • Categories of Chemotherapeutic drugs

  8. Hormonal Manipulation • Can slow cancer rate • Usually does not lead to a cure

  9. Biologic response modifiers • Modify patient’s biologic response to tumor cells • Ex: interleukin, interferon • Supportive therapy: colony-stimulating factors

  10. Gene therapy/Targeted therapy • Experimental • Targeted therapy combines gene therapy and immunotherapy

  11. Treatment Complications • Neutropenia • Anemia • Thrombocytopenia • Extravasation • Stomatitis • Mucositis • Infection-sepsis • Chemotherapy induced vomiting • DIC • Graft versus host disease • Peripheral Neuropathy • Spinal cord compression • Superior vena cava syndrome • Changes in cognitive function • SIADH • TLS

  12. Case scenario After receiving report on your patient who is on neutropenic precautions you are delegating am care and vital signs to the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP). What are 3 pieces of information you would need to stress to the UAP and why? Regarding this same patient discuss 3 pieces of education you can provide to the patient and family members regarding prevention of infection.

  13. Mucositis

  14. Interventions • Pharmacologic- antiemetic • Alternative therapies: music, guided imagery, accupressure, muscle relaxation • Palliative care

  15. Case scenario • You are caring for a 45-year-old breast cancer patient who is experiencing side effects from chemotherapy. During report you are told that she is experiencing alopecia, mucositis and her lab values are as follows: • Hemoglobin: 8gm/dL • Absolute neutrophil count (ANC): 400/microL • Platelets: 120,000/microL • Based on the information provided please your plan of care for your shift (goals & interventions).

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