1 / 36

Introduction to 3G Technology: The Evolution and Need for 3G Networks

Explore the reasons why 3G networks were developed, from the evolution of mobile networks to the demand for data transmission and the challenges faced by mobile operators. Learn about the vision, services, and standards of 3G technology, and the development of 3G Partnership Projects.

meadow
Download Presentation

Introduction to 3G Technology: The Evolution and Need for 3G Networks

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Introduction to 3G

  2. Why 3G? • Next few slides taken from web – give various reasons as to why 3G was needed. • Why do you think 3G was created?

  3. Why 3G? • Existing mobile networks (GSM/CDMA) were designed to handle voice traffic and voice-oriented services. • Then, when they were introduced into the market it turned out that, other than voice-oriented, additional services (SMS to set an example) gained unexpected popularity. • The need for data transmission through mobile networks has been growing gradually together with Internet popularity.

  4. Why 3G? • Therefore some network upgrades had to be introduced into existing mobile networks (HSCSD, GPRS). • However, these improvements provide only limited capability (e.g. GPRS - up to 50kbit/s in reality). They don't provide flexible, variable data speed, supporting Quality of Service solutions.

  5. Types of Traffic • As latest estimates show that packet switching traffic is growing rapidly, and will probably exceed circuit switching by 2005. • Operators must be sure that their core network architecture by that time is ready to provide equally strong circuit-switched and packet-switched domains to meet the speed and capacity demands.

  6. Lack of Resources • Another important factor is that together with the need for efficient data-oriented mobile networks, the beginning of radio resources shortage in dense populated areas has been observed, due to high level of penetration in mature mobile markets (penetration rates around 50% and up to 80% in the Nordic countries). • Therefore a new radio access technology is needed to cope with those problems.

  7. Duping the Mobile Network Operators – Denis O’ Brien view • In 1995, the equipment manufacturers started to talk about the next paradigm shift – i.e. 2G to 3G. • They pushed the proposed benefits of 3G to the public at large. • EU was sold on the idea of the new players. • It helped that the manufacturers were of EU origin (Sweden, Germany, France and Finland). • Network operators’ growth was slowing. • 60%+ of people had a mobile phone (100% in Scandinavia). • Looking for ways of continuing their growth story for the market. • Scared of missing an opportunity to capitalise on strong capital market condition. • Everybody bought the myth.

  8. 3G Vision • Universal global roaming • Multimedia (voice, data & video) • Increased data rates • 384 Kbps while moving • 2 Mbps when stationary at specific locations • Increased capacity (more spectrally efficient) • IP architecture

  9. Global Satellite Suburban Urban In-Building Picocell Microcell Macrocell Basic Terminal PDA Terminal Audio/Visual Terminal IMT-2000 Vision IncludesLAN, WAN and Satellite Services

  10. 3G Services: “The Promise” • Customised Infotainment • Multimedia Messaging Service • Mobile Intranet/Extranet Access • Mobile Internet Access • Location-based Services • Rich Voice (simple and enhanced voice)

  11. Designing 3G • Technical arguments galore as to which technologies should be used. • Standardisation bodies tried to come to agreement as to what was the best options

  12. Example Mobile Standards Organizations • European Technical Standard Institute (Europe): • http://www.etsi.org • Telecommunication Industry Association (USA): • http://www.tiaonline.org • Standard Committee T1 (USA): • http://www.t1.org • China Wireless Telecommunication Standard (China): • http://www.cwts.org • The Association of Radio Industries and Businesses (Japan): • http://www.arib.or.jp/english/index.html • The Telecommunication Technology Committee (Japan): • http://www.ttc.or.jp/e/index.html • The Telecommunication Technology Association (Korea): • http://www.tta.or.kr/english/e_index.htm

  13. So which technology for 3G?? • Almost all accepted 3G radio standards are based on CDMA • http://www.3g-generation.com/cdma_principle.htm • BUT ……………….

  14. International Standardization • ITU (International Telecommunication Union) • radio standards and spectrum • IMT-2000 • ITU’s umbrella name for 3G which stands for International Mobile Telecommunications 2000 • National and regional standards bodies are collaborating in 3G partnership projects • ARIB, TIA, TTA, TTC, CWTS. T1, ETSI (will learn about some of these later) • 3G Partnership Projects (3GPP & 3GPP2) • focused on evolution of access and core networks

  15. The Standards Issue • When the ITU tried to unify and standardize3G technologies, no consensus was reached. • There were thus five terrestrial standards developed as part of the IMT-2000 program. • Instead, depending on where in the world 3G will be implemented, the 3G standard will be based on CDMA variants with some other technologies thrown in as well.

  16. IMT-2000 Terrestrial Radio Interfaces

  17. IMT-2000 Terrestrial Radio Interfaces

  18. IMT-DS The IMT-DS is a W-CDMA standard.

  19. W-CDMA • Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) is a wideband radio technique that provides far higher data rates than other radio techniques available today, up to 2Mbit/s, and highly efficient use of radio spectrum. • Co-developed by NTT DoCoMo, it is being backed by most European mobile operators and is expected to compete with cdma2000 to be the de facto 3G standard

  20. UMTS (W-CDMA) • In Europe, 3G  W-CDMA networks are known as UMTS  (Universal Mobile Telephony System) another name for w-CDMA/3G services. • Governments in the region held UMTS auctions for 3G licences netting $108 billion in 2000.

  21. FOMA (W-CDMA) • Japanese giant NTT DoCoMo Inc brand name for 3G services is FOMA (Freedom of Mobile Multimedia Access). • This is also based on the W-CDMA format

  22. IMT-2000 Terrestrial Radio Interfaces

  23. IMT-MC The IMT-MC is a cdma2000 standard.

  24. cdma2000 • You will recall cdmaOne. • cdma2000 is the upgrade to cdmaOne. • It uses a wider spectrum than CDMA and therefore can transmit and receive information faster and more efficiently, making fast Internet data, video, and CD-quality music transmission possible.

  25. cdma2000 • There are however new cdma2000 variants called cdma2000 1X,1X-EV-DV, 1X EV-DO, and cdma2000 3X. • They deliver 3G services while occupying a very small amount of current spectrum (1.25 MHz per carrier) as opposed to UMTS which requires completely NEW spectrum (hence the auctions).

  26. IMT-2000 Terrestrial Radio Interfaces

  27. TD-SCDMA • TD-SCDMA is the Chinese contribution to the ITU's IMT-2000 specification for third generation (3G) wireless mobile services.Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access • TD-SCDMA operates using the TDD mode, transmitting on one frequency ona time-shifted basis in both directions (uplink and downlink). • The system is being promoted by China Mobile and China Unicom through a TD-SCDMA forum

  28. Standards adopted for IMT-2000 Mode Description Standard IMT-DS DIRECT SEQUENCE W-CDMA UTRA FDD IMT-MC MULTICARRIER cdma2000 IMT-TC TDMA/CDMA UTRA TDD TD-SCDMA IMT-SC SINGLE CARRIER UWC-136 IMT-FT FDMA/TDMA DECT *the three indicated in green are emerging as the most important

  29. Bands • The third generation frequencies for IMT-2000 were identified by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) in 1992 • No. S5.388 of the Radio Regulations

  30. S5.388 • The bands 1 885-2 025 MHz and 2 110-2 200 MHz are intended for use, on a worldwide basis, by administrations wishing to implement International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT-2000). • Extensions

  31. Other Issues • Putting aside that 3G has many issues – assume we want to go there. • So how do we get from here to 3G? • Legacy Issues • EVOLUTION not REVOLUTION

  32. Migration To 3G

  33. Partnership Project and Forums • ITU IMT-2000 http://www.imt-2000.org/portal/index.asp • Mobile Partnership Projects • 3GPP : http://www.3gpp.org • 3GPP2 : http://www.3gpp2.org • Mobile Technical Forums • 3G All IP Forum: http://www.3gip.org • IPv6 Forum: http://www.ipv6forum.com • Mobile Marketing Forums • Mobile Wireless Internet Forum: http://www.mwif.org • UMTS Forum : http://www.umts-forum.org • GSM Forum : http://www.gsmworld.org • Universal Wireless Communication: http://www.uwcc.org • Global Mobile Supplier: http://www.gsacom.com

More Related