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ENLIGHTENED ABSOLUTISM

ENLIGHTENED ABSOLUTISM. ENLIGHTENED ABSOLUTISM. RUSSIA: CATHERINE THE GREAT (r. 1762-1796). Admired enlightenment thought & thinkers. Based legal reform on Spirit of the Laws. Granted limited religious toleration. Allowed limited social criticism.

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ENLIGHTENED ABSOLUTISM

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  1. ENLIGHTENED ABSOLUTISM

  2. ENLIGHTENED ABSOLUTISM RUSSIA: CATHERINE THE GREAT (r. 1762-1796) • Admired enlightenment thought & thinkers • Based legal reform on Spirit of the Laws • Granted limited religious toleration • Allowed limited social criticism • Expanded education & encouraged scholarship

  3. ENLIGHTENED ABSOLUTISM RUSSIA: CATHERINE THE GREAT (r. 1762-1796) • Limits of liberalism • Upheld, even strengthened institution of serfdom • Increasingly conservative after Pugachev Rebellion • Continued censorship • Put end to enlightened reform in Poland • Restricted Jews to PALE OF SETTLEMENT

  4. ENLIGHTENED ABSOLUTISM ENLIGHTENMENT IN POLAND • Enlightened ideas used in attempt to strengthen decaying state • New King STANISLAS AUGUSTUS (r. 1764-1795) • Introduced number of enlightened reforms • But powerful neighbors partitioned state in 1772

  5. ENLIGHTENED ABSOLUTISM ENLIGHTENMENT IN POLAND • Attempt to reform & strengthen state to prevent further aggression • New Constitution of 1791 • Established constitutional, hereditary monarchy • Abolished Liberum Veto • Created standing army • Religious toleration declared

  6. ENLIGHTENED ABSOLUTISM ENLIGHTENMENT IN POLAND • Russia, Prussia would not allow reform of Polish state • Second partition, 1792 • Poles revolted in 1794 to save remainder of state • But crushed by Russians • Third partition, 1795 eliminated independent state of Poland

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