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Waste Management

Waste Management. Industrial and agricultural waste. Municipal solid waste. Hazardous wastes. Solid Waste in U.S. >100 lbs/person/day. Agriculture - 51%. Mining wastes - 38%. Industries - 8% (fly ash). Municipal - 3% (70% paper, food, yard wastes). U.S. Municipal Wastes.

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Waste Management

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  1. Waste Management • Industrial and agricultural waste • Municipal solid waste • Hazardous wastes

  2. Solid Waste in U.S.>100 lbs/person/day • Agriculture - 51% • Mining wastes - 38% • Industries - 8% (fly ash) • Municipal - 3% (70% paper, food, yard wastes)

  3. U.S. Municipal Wastes • Multi-billion dollar industry • Resource Conservation and Recovery Act - 1976 - outlawed open dumping

  4. Managing Today’s Wastes • Sanitary landfill - 80% • Recycling - 10% • Incineration - 9% (dioxin) • Composting - 1%

  5. Sanitary Landfill Synthetic liner 2) Earth cover 3) Leachate collection system 4) Methane venting

  6. Changing Landfills • Filling up rapidly • Difficult finding new sites - restrictions - NIMBY - NOT IN MY BACK YARD!

  7. Recycling • Easily isolated from other wastes • Large quantities • Valuable

  8. Recycling Aluminum, Wastepaper, and Plastics • 40% of aluminum recycled in US • Recycled aluminum uses over 90% fewer resources • Paper: pre-consumer vs. post-consumer recycling • 10% or less of plastic recycled in US • Plastics can be very difficult to recycle

  9. Burning Wastes • Mass burn incineration • Air pollution • Waste to energy

  10. Hazardous Wastes • U.S. - >1 ton/person/year

  11. Today’s Management 1) reduce, reuse, recycle (5%)

  12. Today’s Management 2) detoxification, incineration (5%) • Physical reactions • Chemical reactions • Land-farming • Burning

  13. Today’s Management 3) Land disposal (90%) • Landfills, pits, lagoons, injection wells, “midnight dumping”, sewage systems, surface waters

  14. Hazardous Waste Regulation in the United States • Resource Conservation and Recovery Act • EPA identifies hazardous wastes, sets standards for management • Superfund - established to clean up hazardous waste sites • Love Canal - Hooker Chemical plant in suburban Niagara Falls, NY

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