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From Control to Re-emergence: The Story of Pertussis Winter Scientific Meeting

Explore the journey of pertussis, a highly contagious respiratory disease with significant mortality among infants. Vaccines play a crucial role in prevention, but waning immunity presents challenges. Data from Ireland, England, Wales, and Australia highlight the need for additional control measures like booster doses for adolescents and healthcare workers, antenatal vaccination, and chemoprophylaxis strategies. Join Dr. Suzanne Cotter, Dr. Sarah Gee (PhD), and Dr. Darina O’Flanagan to delve into the trends, notifications, and strategies surrounding pertussis in this informative scientific meeting. Presented by the Health Protection Surveillance Centre.

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From Control to Re-emergence: The Story of Pertussis Winter Scientific Meeting

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  1. From control to re-emergence - the story of pertussis Winter Scientific Meeting Wednesday, 5th December 2012 Dr Suzanne Cotter Dr Sarah Gee (PhD) Dr Darina O’Flanagan Health Protection Surveillance Centre www.hpsc.ie

  2. Background • Highly contagious respiratory disease • “100 day cough” • Morbidity and mortality highest among infants • Estimated worldwide deaths > 300,000/yr • Vaccine-preventable

  3. Clinical Course (in weeks) Communicable period (onset to 3 weeks after start of paroxysmal cough) Incubation period (typically 5-10 days; max 21 days) Convalescent stage (weeks to months) Catarrhal stage (1-2 weeks) -3 0 2 8 12 Onset Paroxysmal stage (1-6 weeks) Source: ACIP May 2012. Stacey Martin. http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/ed/ciinc/Pertussis.htm 3

  4. Trends Pertussis notifications, Ireland 1948- 2012* DTP replaced by DTaP Tdap booster *2012 data weeks 1-39

  5. Pertussis notifications, 2001-2012* 372 229 114 *2012 data weeks 1-39

  6. Pertussis notifications by week, 2009-2012* NW -Late notifications 2011-2012 East and other Pertussis outbreaks, Leitrim

  7. Pertussis notifications and rate per 100,000 population, by HSE area* *Data as of 4/10/2012 (n=376)

  8. Pertussis notifications, by HSE Area, Interpreted Overall Lab Result, 2012* (n= 372) *2012 data weeks 1-39

  9. Pertussis notifications, ASIR (/100,000) 2012* (n=372) *2012 data weeks 1-39

  10. Pertussis notifications, 2001-2012*ASIR (/100,000) *2012 data weeks 1-39

  11. Pertussis notifications by age group and vaccination status (n=372)* *2012 data weeks 1-39

  12. Pertussis cases <1 year of age, by age in weeks at onset date and number of doses of pertussis vaccine. (n=138) *2012 data weeks 1-39. Onset date available for 98 of 138 events < 1 year

  13. Reported fatalities, 2011-2012 • 2012 – 2 infant deaths • 2011 – 1 infant death

  14. Pertussis notifications, England and Wales 2005-2012 Year Source: HPA http://www.hpa.org.uk/webc/HPAwebFile/HPAweb_C/1317136496345 14

  15. Australia 1991-2011 Disease Watch. March 2012, Volume 16, Issue 1 » Ongoing pertussis epidemic in Western Australia

  16. Summary • Increase in pertussis in Ireland similar to that seen in other countries • Waning immunity contributory factor • Additional control measures needed • Booster doses for adolescents and HCWs • Antenatal vaccination • Cocooning strategy (difficult) • Diagnosis, chemoprophylaxis of susceptible

  17. Acknowledgements • Departments of Public Health • Clinicians, microbiologists • Notifying GPs

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