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GI ( G astro i ntestinal) System - Part II

GI ( G astro i ntestinal) System - Part II. aka digestive system. the Stomach. The Mucosa Layer. Secretes mucus (check spelling!) to protect the stomach from its own gastric juices (hydrochloric acid - HCL) HCL changes pepsino gen (there’s that “genesis” word part again!) to pepsin.

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GI ( G astro i ntestinal) System - Part II

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  1. GI (Gastrointestinal) System - Part II aka digestive system

  2. the Stomach

  3. The Mucosa Layer • Secretes mucus (check spelling!) to protect the stomach from its own gastric juices (hydrochloric acid - HCL) • HCL changes pepsinogen (there’s that “genesis” word part again!) to pepsin. • Pepsin works further on the proteins and makes the stomach even more acidic (pH scale) • Doesn’t absorb nutrients, only water and ?

  4. The Liver and Portal Circulation

  5. Systemic organ Systemic Organ Systemic organ Portal Portal vein Portal circulation Portal = “doorway” Ordinary

  6. The liver has been called the antechamber of the heart because if collects and processes all the gastrointestinal blood and delivers it to the right side of the heart.The liver is unusual in that it has a double blood supply; the arteries coming from the heart carry oxygenated blood to the liver, and the portal vein carries venous blood to the liver from the intestines http://www.dkimages.com/discover/previews/740/76623.JPG

  7. The liver receives blood through two vascular systems, the portal vein and hepatic artery. • All blood leaving the intestine will flow into the portal vein and then into the liver. • The liver is a complex and unique organ serving many functions vital to sustaining life. From digestion to circulation, the liver is constantly processing blood for use by the rest of the body.The liver is the most resilient of all of the body's organs. It is capable of regenerating itself. When part of the liver is removed, a healthy organ will often grow back to its original size.

  8. Pop Quiz • Why is the digestive system called the alimentary tube or canal? • Name the 3 types of digestion • What happens in the mouth with regards to mechanical digestion? • What happens in the mouth with regards to chemical digestion? • Why does your mouth starts watering from smelling dinner cooking or watching a food commercial?

  9. What role does the tongue play with digestion? • What is saliva made from? • How do you pronounce ‘pharynx’? • What is the purpose of the lower esophageal sphincter? • What does the muscular layer of the stomach do? • What does the mucosa layer of the stomach do? • Where does HCL come from and what does it do?

  10. What are the three parts of the small intestine? • What is another name for the large intestine? • What happens in the large intestine? • What do you know about bile? • Briefly explain the function portal circulation • The pancreas is called an exocrine organ and an endocrine organ. Why? • Where does the uptake of nutrition take place? • What prevents the stomach from digesting itself?

  11. What does the stomach absorb? • What is the name of the area where the appendix is located? • Which is the most complex to digest, carbs/sugars, fats, or proteins? Why? • Where does fat digestion start? • Where does sugar digestion start? • Can you label a diagram of the digestive system? • Can you spell and define the terms in the chapter?

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